{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:54:58Z","timestamp":1761897298705,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010801","name":"Xunta de Galicia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D431C 2017\/64-GRC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D431C 2017\/64-GRC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Grant by the Government of Spain","award":["RYC-2013-14560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2013-14560"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lubricant oil is an essential element in wind and hydropower generation. We present a lifecycle assessment (LCA) of the lubricant oils (mineral, synthetic and biodegradable) used in hydropower and wind power generation. The results are given in terms of energy used, associated emissions and costs. We find that, for the oil turbines and regulation systems considered here, biodegradable oil is a better option in terms of energy and CO2 equivalent emissions than mineral or synthetic oils, from production and recycling through to handling. However, synthetic and mineral oils are better options due to the potential risks associated with the use of biodegradable oil, generally when it comes into contact with water. There are also significant savings to be made in the operation of wind turbines when using an improved type of synthetic oil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su12104242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T11:31:18Z","timestamp":1590060678000},"page":"4242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Environmental and Economic Constraints on the Use of Lubricant Oils for Wind and Hydropower Generation: The Case of NATURGY"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gabriel A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1875-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Bayo-Besteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPhysLab &amp; CIM, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Vich Llobet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naturgy, 28033 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2448-4647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan A.","family":"A\u00f1el","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPhysLab &amp; CIM, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Spanish Grid (2019). 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