{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T06:52:50Z","timestamp":1776322370302,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapid technological advances give rise to the development of New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) which are focused on technology-based business models. One of the concerns is the changing pace of technology adoption and its impact on shortening the life cycle of goods and services based on technology. Technology tends to create more integration among communities, businesses, goods, and services. This integration can be seen in the substantial increase of firms, especially NTBFs, striving to improve international relations. In this regard, addressing the sustainability dimensions in light of technological change is of universal interest. Some studies highlight the role of technology in terms of its environmental impacts, whereas others describe technology as the main driving force of businesses towards innovation, which can lead to sustainability. This paper aims to examine international NTBFs to determine the factors, key drivers, and uncertainties impacting sustainability-oriented innovations concerning their encounter with technology and ultimately plan future scenarios for international NTBFs based on sustainability-oriented innovations. The description of the scenarios shows the importance of innovation development in digital technologies and the expansion of international relations, which is realized by using digital platforms. In addition to accelerating knowledge and innovation development to gain more key partners, we would observe target market expansion, cost reduction, and sustainability growth for international NTBFs. Identifying drivers and uncertainties and the future-oriented approach of this research provide insight to International NTBFs owners into realizing sustainability-oriented innovation by increasing their awareness of the opportunities and interventions to build capacity at the conceptualization and project management levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su142013501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T22:19:53Z","timestamp":1666217993000},"page":"13501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Sustainability-Oriented Innovation Foresight in International New Technology Based Firms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6808-1327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aidin","family":"Salamzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran 141556311, Iran"}]},{"given":"Morteza","family":"Hadizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8383-8145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niloofar","family":"Rastgoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran 141556311, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7414-8281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Mizanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BRAC Business School, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh"}]},{"given":"Soodabeh","family":"Radfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran 141556311, Iran"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"108393","article-title":"Towards a sustainability paradigm; the nexus between lean green practices, sustainability-oriented innovation and Triple Bottom Line","volume":"245","author":"Zimon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Commission on Environment (1992). Our common future. Centre for Our Common Future, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121337","article-title":"The role of innovation in sustainable growth: A dynamic panel study on micro and macro levels 1990\u20132019","volume":"175","author":"Skare","year":"2021","journal-title":"Echnol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.130980","article-title":"Sustainability oriented innovation narratives: Learning from nature inspired innovation","volume":"344","author":"Mead","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.09.082","article-title":"Technological innovation, human capital and social change for sustainability. Lessons learnt from the Industrial Technologies Theme of the EU's Research Framework Programme","volume":"481","author":"Sabadie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2022.103716","article-title":"Sustainability-oriented innovations in smart cities: A systematic review and emerging themes","volume":"126","author":"Tura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.07.017","article-title":"Sustainability-oriented innovation of SMEs: A systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Klewitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120689","article-title":"Semantic bridging of patents and scientific publications\u2013The case of an emerging sustainability-oriented technology","volume":"167","author":"Block","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galv\u00e3o, A.R., Marques, C.S., Mascarenhas, C., Braga, V., and Pereira, R. (2021). Motivations and Barriers for the Sustainable Internationalization of the Portuguese Textile Sector. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su132313147"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saura, J.R., Palos-Sanchez, P., and Grilo, A. (2019). Detecting indicators for startup business success: Sentiment analysis using text data mining. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11030917"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2015.10.011","article-title":"The participation of new technology-based firms in EU-funded R&D partnerships: The role of venture capital","volume":"45","author":"Colombo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1504\/IJKBD.2019.103218","article-title":"Corporate entrepreneurship in University of Tehran: Does human resources management matter?","volume":"10","author":"Salamzadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Knowl.-Based Dev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121718","article-title":"Technology Opportunity Discovery using Deep Learning-based Text Mining and a Knowledge Graph","volume":"180","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"600","article-title":"The past and the future of international entrepreneurship: A review and suggestions for developing the field","volume":"35","author":"Keupp","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1177\/0266242620909029","article-title":"Knowledge acquisition strategy, speed of capability development and speed of SME internationalization","volume":"38","author":"Hilmersson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Small Bus. J."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intman.2022.100940","article-title":"Digital Internationalization of Traditional Firms: Virtual Presence and Entrepreneurial Orientation","volume":"28","author":"Ipsmiller","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Int. Manag."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sivarak, O. (2017). Global Supply Chain in Asia. Internationalization and Managing Networks in the Asia Pacific, Chandos Publishing.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100813-3.00006-7"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2017.03.004","article-title":"Origins and emergence of exploration and exploitation capabilities in new technology-based firms","volume":"120","author":"Jensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jibs.8400397","article-title":"International business competence and the contemporary firm","volume":"40","author":"Knight","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Int. Bus. Stud."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iedeen.2021.100169","article-title":"Innovation adaptation and post-entry growth in international new ventures","volume":"28","author":"Edeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Res. Manag. Bus. Econ."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117154","article-title":"A sustainable flexible manufacturing\u2013remanufacturing model with improved service and green investment under variable demand","volume":"202","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2022.108398","article-title":"Economic assessment of a serial production system with random imperfection and shortages: A step towards sustainability","volume":"171","author":"Tayyab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.129813","article-title":"Environmental and economic sustainability through innovative green products by remanufacturing","volume":"332","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2370.2010.00296.x","article-title":"Multinational enterprises' entry mode strategies and uncertainty: A review and extension","volume":"13","author":"Ahsan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2012.10.001","article-title":"Future-oriented technology analysis: Its potential to address disruptive transformations","volume":"80","author":"Cagnin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2018.07.008","article-title":"Collaborative open foresight-A new approach for inspiring discontinuous and sustainability-oriented innovations","volume":"155","author":"Wiener","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120056","article-title":"Sustainable development goals in the research and innovation policy of the European Union","volume":"157","author":"Kastrinos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stirling, A. (2006). Precaution, foresight and sustainability: Reflection and reflexivity in the governance of science and technology. Reflexive Gov. Sustain. Dev., 225\u2013272.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781847200266.00020"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"EC (2018). Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Establishing Horizon Europe\u2013The Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, Laying Down its Rules for Participation and Dissemination COM(2018) 435 Final, European Commission."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.08.034","article-title":"How does innovation matter for sustainable performance? Evidence from small and medium-sized enterprises","volume":"153","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.01.011","article-title":"A service ecosystem perspective on the diffusion of sustainability-oriented user innovations","volume":"116","author":"Trischler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.04.032","article-title":"Network cooperation and economic performance of SMEs: Direct and mediating impacts of innovation and internationalization","volume":"148","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heenkenda, H.M., Xu, F., Kulathunga, K.M., and Senevirathne, W.A. (2022). The Role of Innovation Capability in Enhancing Sustainability in SMEs: An Emerging Economy Perspective. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su141710832"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dana, L.P., Salamzadeh, A., Mortazavi, S., and Hadizadeh, M. (2022). Investigating the impact of international markets and new digital technologies on business innovation in emerging markets. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14020983"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"87","article-title":"Strategic futures studies and entrepreneurial resiliency: A focus on digital technology trends and emerging markets","volume":"16","author":"Dana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tec Empresarial."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Government of Romania (GR) (2018). National Strategy for Sustainable Development of Romania 2030, Paideia. Available online: https:\/\/www.edu.ro\/sites\/default\/files\/Strategia-nationala-pentru-dezvoltarea-durabila-a-Rom%C3%A2niei-2030.pdf."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2010.01.002","article-title":"Sustainable development and entrepreneurship: Past contributions and future directions","volume":"25","author":"Hall","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ventur."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Brundtland, G.H. (1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: \"Our Common Future\", UN."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"1","article-title":"World commission on environment and development","volume":"17","author":"Wcerd","year":"1987","journal-title":"Our Common Future"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/ijmr.12068","article-title":"Sustainability-oriented innovation: A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1142\/S1363919609002479","article-title":"Sustainability innovation cube\u2014A framework to evaluate sustainability-oriented innovations","volume":"13","author":"Hansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Manag."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2020.1736539","article-title":"A model for NTBF creation in less developed regions based on the Smart Specialisation concept: The case of regions in Iran","volume":"55","author":"Naghizadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Assembly, U.G. (2015). UN General Assembly. Resolufion Adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015. A\/RES\/70\/1, Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.119853","article-title":"Does increasing investment in research and development promote economic growth decoupling from carbon emission growth? An empirical analysis of BRICS countries","volume":"252","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1111\/joes.12074","article-title":"Public R&D policies and private R&D investment: A survey of the empirical evidence","volume":"29","author":"Becker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Econ. Surv."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113229","article-title":"Does environmental and renewable energy R&D help to achieve carbon neutrality target? A case of the US economy","volume":"296","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.111026","article-title":"COP21 Roadmap: Do innovation, financial development, and transportation infrastructure matter for environmental sustainability in China?","volume":"271","author":"Umar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2015.02.008","article-title":"Does the development of environmental innovation require different resources? Evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms","volume":"94","author":"Cainelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1108\/EMJB-12-2017-0051","article-title":"Collaboration: The key to gain value from IT in supply chain","volume":"13","author":"Alsaad","year":"2018","journal-title":"EuroMed J. Bus."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2012.04.005","article-title":"Determinants of eco-innovations by type of environmental impact\u2014The role of regulatory push\/pull, technology push and market pull","volume":"78","author":"Horbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecol. Econ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2019.06.011","article-title":"Many or trusted partners for eco-innovation? The influence of breadth and depth of firms' knowledge network in the food sector","volume":"147","author":"Triguero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/09692290110101126","article-title":"The globalization of technological innovation: Definition and evidence","volume":"9","author":"Archibugi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. Int. Political Econ."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121403","article-title":"Blockchain as a sustainability-oriented innovation? Opportunities for and resistance to Blockchain technology as a driver of sustainability in global food supply chains","volume":"175","author":"Friedman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.14257\/astl.2016.135.08","article-title":"The relationship between non-technological innovation and technological innovation on firm performance","volume":"135","author":"Ryu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"ESPAS (2019). ESPAS Report 2019: Global Trends to 2030, European Commission."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"492","article-title":"Perceptions on effectiveness of public policies supporting entrepreneurship and internationalization","volume":"10","author":"Campos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Public Policy"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fagerberg, J., Mowery, D.C., and Nelson, R.R. (2005). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199286805.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.2307\/256316","article-title":"Organizational integration and process innovation","volume":"35","author":"Ettlie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Academy of management journal"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2008.04.013","article-title":"Functions of innovation systems as a framework to understand sustainable technological change: Empirical evidence for earlier claims","volume":"76","author":"Hekkert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.2307\/2393031","article-title":"Organizational innovation and performance: The problem of \"organizational lag\"","volume":"29","author":"Damanpour","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adm. Sci. Q."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2016.1268682","article-title":"Sources of technological innovation: Radical and incremental innovation problem-driven to support competitive advantage of firms","volume":"29","author":"Coccia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"34","article-title":"Investigating New Technology Based Firm (NTBF) internationalization: The impact on performance, the process and the antecedents","volume":"5","author":"Kiederich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fac. Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2018.01.012","article-title":"Technological innovation systems and IT industry sustainability in China: A case study of mobile system innovation","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2017.10.001","article-title":"Information technology capability and firm performance: Role of industry","volume":"55","author":"Chae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(97)00054-1","article-title":"New, technology-based firms in small open economies\u2014An analysis based on the Finnish experience","volume":"26","author":"Autio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"120","article-title":"Value creation by SMEs participating in global value chains under industry 4.0 trend: Case study of textile industry in Taiwan","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Glob. Inf. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2016.10.003","article-title":"Using information systems to achieve complementarity in SME innovation networks","volume":"54","author":"Rehm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.12.022","article-title":"Mass Personalization with Industry 4.0 by SMEs: A concept for collaborative networks","volume":"28","author":"Torn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2017.1343462","article-title":"On the joint effect of technological and management innovations on performance: Increasing or diminishing returns?","volume":"30","year":"2018","journal-title":"Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"424","article-title":"Unboxing organizational complexity: How does it affect business performance during the COVID-19 pandemic?","volume":"10","author":"Pereira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Public Policy"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2007.24634437","article-title":"The use of knowledge for technological innovation within diversified firms","volume":"50","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(98)00084-5","article-title":"Technological innovation in services and manufacturing: Results from Italian surveys","volume":"27","author":"Sirilli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/cc.362","article-title":"Technological Change, Globalization, and the Community College","volume":"146","author":"Romano","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Dir. Community Coll."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.22215\/timreview\/1158","article-title":"The impact of digitalization on the speed of internationalization of lean global startups","volume":"8","author":"Neubert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Technol. Innov. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2019.03.018","article-title":"The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes","volume":"48","author":"Nambisan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"1","article-title":"The business of artificial intelligence: How AI fits into your data science team","volume":"98","author":"Brynjolfsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harv. Bus. Rev."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11365-006-8681-3","article-title":"Schumpeter and new technology based firms: Towards a framework for how NTBFs cause creative destruction","volume":"2","author":"Spencer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Entrep. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.176","article-title":"Entrepreneurship in the large corporation: A longitudinal study of how established firms create breakthrough inventions","volume":"22","author":"Ahuja","year":"2001","journal-title":"Strat. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.29.12.1349","article-title":"Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management: Insights from a process study","volume":"29","author":"Burgelman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"59","article-title":"The effect of media convergence on exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities","volume":"34","author":"Salamzadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"AD-Minist."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1108\/JMTM-10-2021-0422","article-title":"Leveraging the value from digitalization: A business model exploration of new technology-based firms in vertical farming","volume":"33","author":"Thomson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2018.02.004","article-title":"Digital innovation and transformation: An institutional perspective","volume":"28","author":"Hinings","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inf. Organ."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2015.1029380","article-title":"The role of dynamic capabilities in responding to digital disruption: A factor-based study of the newspaper industry","volume":"32","author":"Karimi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/1536504219865226","article-title":"Demystifying AI: What digital transformation leaders can teach you about realistic artificial intelligence","volume":"61","author":"Brock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Calif. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2018.2801537","article-title":"Digital transformation","volume":"35","author":"Ebert","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Softw."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.15547\/tjs.2017.s.01.065","article-title":"Digital transformation of business","volume":"15","author":"Schwertner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trakia J. Sci."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brieger, S.A., Chowdhury, F., Hechavarr\u00eda, D.M., Muralidharan, E., Pathak, S., and Lam, Y.T. (2022). Digitalization, institutions and new venture internationalization. J. Int. Manag., 100949.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intman.2022.100949"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skala, A., and Skala, B. (2019). Digital Startups in Transition Economies, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01500-8"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2015.10.143","article-title":"Managerial perceptions of barriers to internationalization: An examination of Brazil's new technology-based firms","volume":"69","author":"Cahen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-7333(83)90023-9","article-title":"A review of literature and hypotheses on new technology-based firms","volume":"12","author":"Bollinger","year":"1983","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Xu, Y., and Ma, L. (2022). Research on successful factors and influencing mechanism of the digital transformation in SMEs. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14052549"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, Q., Wu, W., and Liu, Y. (2021). The fit between technology management and technological capability and its impact on new product development performance. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su131910956"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hwangbo, Y., Yang, Y.S., Kim, M.S., and Kim, Y. (2020). The effectiveness of kano-QFD approach to enhance competitiveness of technology-based SMEs through transfer intention model. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12197885"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Khan, U., Lee, S., and Salik, M. (2019). The influence of management innovation and technological innovation on organization performance. A mediating role of sustainability. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11020495"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2016.1255319","article-title":"The impact of hard and soft policy measures on new technology-based firms","volume":"51","author":"Ramaciotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bueno, E., Merino, C., and Murcia, C. (2016). Intellectual Capital as a Strategic Model to Create Innovation in New Technology Based Firms. Competitive Strategies for Small and Medium Enterprises, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-27303-7_6"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s11365-006-8690-2","article-title":"Innovation in NTBFs: Does leadership really matter?","volume":"2","author":"Ghobadian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Entrep. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2005.03.010","article-title":"Founders\u2019 human capital and the growth of new technology-based firms: A competence-based view","volume":"34","author":"Colombo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/1369106032000097049","article-title":"Funding innovation and growth in UK new technology-based firms: Some observations on contributions from the public and private sectors","volume":"5","author":"Oakey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ventur. Cap."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/10438599900000009","article-title":"New technology-based firms in Sweden-a study of their direct impact on industrial renewal","volume":"8","author":"Rickne","year":"1999","journal-title":"Econ. Innov. New Technol."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"481","article-title":"Realization of online entrepreneurship education based on new digital technologies in Iran: A scenario planning approach","volume":"14","author":"Salamzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Dev."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2003.01491.x","article-title":"Scenario planning: A tool for conservation in an uncertain world","volume":"17","author":"Peterson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowe, G., and Wright, G. (2001). Expert opinions in forecasting: The role of the Delphi technique. Principles of Forecasting, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-306-47630-3_7"},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"35","article-title":"The Drivers of Sustainable Cyber Service Offer in the Government with an Emphasis on Maintaining Security Using Artificial Intelligence","volume":"5","author":"Mohammadhosseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iran Future Stud."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10843-021-00292-w","article-title":"International entrepreneurship research agendas evolving: A longitudinal study using the Delphi method","volume":"20","author":"Etemad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Int. Entrep."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.7748\/nr2004.07.12.1.35.c5929","article-title":"Researching the researchers: Using a snowballing technique","volume":"12","author":"Streeton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nurse Res."},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"vii","article-title":"Commentary: Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling","volume":"22","author":"Chin","year":"1998","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4018\/JGIM.2021010104","article-title":"The influence of organizational ambidexterity on SME speed of internationalization","volume":"29","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Glob. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins, T., Braga, A., Ferreira, M.R., and Braga, V. (2022). Diving into Social Innovation: A Bibliometric Analysis. Adm. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/admsci12020056"},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"109","article-title":"Co-Creation in Provider Side for Developing Innovative Services: How New Technology-Based Firms Benefit from Social Media Platforms","volume":"2","author":"Horst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nord. J. Media Manag."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2022026","article-title":"Intelligent servicing strategy for an online-to-offline (O2O) supply chain under demand variability and controllable lead time","volume":"56","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"RAIRO-Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarkar, B., Dey, B.K., Sarkar, M., and AlArjani, A. (2021). A sustainable online-to-offline (O2O) retailing strategy for a supply chain management under controllable lead time and variable demand. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13041756"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sett, B.K., Dey, B.K., and Sarkar, B. (2020). The effect of O2O retail service quality in supply chain management. Mathematics, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/math8101743"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120650","article-title":"Internationalization, digitalization, and sustainability: Are SMEs ready? A survey on synergies and substituting effects among growth paths","volume":"166","author":"Denicolai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X07082028","article-title":"The challenge of electronic waste (e-waste) management in developing countries","volume":"25","author":"Osibanjo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Waste Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2014.11.007","article-title":"Beyond unsustainable eco-innovation: The role of narratives in the evolution of the lighting sector","volume":"92","author":"Franceschini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14108-y","article-title":"The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"11","author":"Vinuesa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2006.05.007","article-title":"The relevance of information and communication technologies for environmental sustainability\u2013a prospective simulation study","volume":"21","author":"Hilty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Softw."}],"container-title":["Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/14\/20\/13501\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:57:28Z","timestamp":1760144248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/14\/20\/13501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"references-count":118,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["su142013501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su142013501","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2071-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]}}}