{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T08:58:35Z","timestamp":1772009915296,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Xanthan gum (XG) is a biopolymer obtained in fermentation and used as a rheology control agent in aqueous systems and in stabilizing emulsions and suspensions. XG, together with other polysaccharides, can form soft, cohesive composite gels. The carbon source in the fermentative process is responsible for one-third of the production costs, and the search for less expensive and sustainable alternatives is ongoing. The use of agricultural residues such as the corncob is highly suggestive due to their abundance. This study aims to evaluate the use of derived hemicellulose fractions from the alkaline extraction of corncob as a carbon source in the production of XG in trials using four strains of Xanthomonas sp. (629, 1078, 254, and S6). The results indicate that strain 629 provides the higher yield (8.37 \u00b1 5.75 g L\u22121) while using a fermentation medium containing a carbon source of saccharose (1.25%), hemicellulose fractions (3.75%), and salts. In this same medium, the strain 629 produces gum in 3% aqueous solution, showing the higher apparent viscosity (9298 \u00b1 31 mPa s\u22121) at a shear rate of 10 s\u22121 at 25 \u00b0C. In conclusion, corncob is proven to be a promising sustainable alternative carbon source in the obtention of XG, improving the economic viability of the process within a biorefinery context. Saccharose must, however, also be included in the fermentation medium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su15032287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T01:58:59Z","timestamp":1674784739000},"page":"2287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Corncob as Carbon Source in the Production of Xanthan Gum in Different Strains Xanthomonas sp."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8625-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meirielly","family":"Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development in Agri-Food Systems and Sustainability, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Pra\u00e7a General Barbosa, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5687-7114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development in Agri-Food Systems and Sustainability, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Pra\u00e7a General Barbosa, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rejane A.","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research of Sergipe, Rua Campo do Brito, 371\u2013Bairro S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9, Aracaju 49020-380, SE, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Denise S.","family":"Ruzene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Sergipe, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Professor Jos\u00e9 Alo\u00edsio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, Aracaju 49100-000, SE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4444-7632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Albuquerque-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Engenheiro Agron\u00f4mico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, Trindade, Florian\u00f3polis 88040-900, SC, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0357-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana C.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation in Health and Environment, Tiradentes University, Rua Lagarto, 236\u2013Centro, Aracaju 49010-390, SE, Brazil"},{"name":"Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, n\u00ba 300\u2013Pr\u00e9dio do ITP, Farol\u00e2ndia, Aracaju 49032-490, SE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4825-2058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Vaz-Velho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development in Agri-Food Systems and Sustainability, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Pra\u00e7a General Barbosa, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2075-5913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preciosa","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development in Agri-Food Systems and Sustainability, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Pra\u00e7a General Barbosa, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5892-4252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francine F.","family":"Padilha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas, n\u00ba 300\u2013Pr\u00e9dio do ITP, Farol\u00e2ndia, Aracaju 49032-490, SE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2266-4428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Sergipe, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Professor Jos\u00e9 Alo\u00edsio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon, Jardim Rosa Elze, Aracaju 49100-000, SE, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu Elella, M.H., Goda, E.S., Gab-Allah, M.A., Hong, S.E., Pandit, B., Lee, S., Gamal, H., Rehman, A.U., and Yoon, K.R. (2021). Xanthan Gum-Derived Materials for Applications in Environment and Eco-Friendly Materials: A Review. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2020.104702"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2023, January 04). 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