{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:36:57Z","timestamp":1772678217999,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese funding agency, FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FCT DSAIPA\/DS\/0090\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT DSAIPA\/DS\/0090\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese funding agency, FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Portugal INCoDe.2030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Portugal INCoDe.2030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"\u201cMOPREVIS\u2014Modela\u00e7\u00e3o e Predi\u00e7\u00e3o de Acidentes de Via\u00e7\u00e3o no Distrito de Set\u00fabal\u201d","award":["FCT DSAIPA\/DS\/0090\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT DSAIPA\/DS\/0090\/2018"]}]},{"name":"\u201cMOPREVIS\u2014Modela\u00e7\u00e3o e Predi\u00e7\u00e3o de Acidentes de Via\u00e7\u00e3o no Distrito de Set\u00fabal\u201d","award":["Portugal INCoDe.2030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Portugal INCoDe.2030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a problem with repercussions in several dimensions: social, economic, health, justice, and security. Data science plays an important role in its explanation and prediction. One of the main objectives of RTA data analysis is to identify the main factors associated with a RTA. The present study aims to contribute to the identification of the determinants for the type of RTA: collision, crash, or pedestrian running-over. These factors are essential for identifying specific countermeasures because there is a relevant relationship between the type of RTA and its severity. Daily RTA data from 2016 to 2019 in a district of Portugal were analyzed. A statistical multinomial logit model was fitted. The identified determinants for the type of RTA were geographical (municipality, location, and parking areas), meteorological (air temperature and weather), time of the day (hour, day of the week, and month), driver\u2019s characteristics (gender and age), vehicle\u2019s features (type and age) and road characteristics (road layout and type). The multinomial model results were compared with several machine learning algorithms, since the original data of the type of RTA are severely imbalanced. All models showed poor performance. However, when combining these models with ROSE for class balancing, their performance improved considerably, with the random forest algorithm showing the best performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su15032352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T03:56:27Z","timestamp":1675050987000},"page":"2352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Factors That Influence the Type of Road Traffic Accidents: A Case Study in a District of Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1644-9502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Infante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMA, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3292-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Jacinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMA, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5517-4855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMA, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2538-0671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonor","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6162-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICT, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Geosciences, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6702-5753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICT, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Geosciences, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-0003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Algoritmi Research Centre, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Informatics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3025-0687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Saias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Algoritmi Research Centre, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Informatics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5086-059X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Quaresma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Algoritmi Research Centre, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Informatics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9906-0358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, ECT, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4162-1634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"G\u00f3is","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visual Arts and Design, EA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-208 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo Rebelo","family":"Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMA, IIFA, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, January 25). 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