{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:53:53Z","timestamp":1778741633207,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/119228\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/119228\/2016"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDB\/00295\/2020 + UIDP\/00295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00295\/2020 + UIDP\/00295\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["MIT-EXPL\/CS\/0018\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIT-EXPL\/CS\/0018\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Multi-risk Interactions Towards Resilient and Sustainable Cities (MIT-RSC)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/119228\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/119228\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Multi-risk Interactions Towards Resilient and Sustainable Cities (MIT-RSC)","award":["UIDB\/00295\/2020 + UIDP\/00295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00295\/2020 + UIDP\/00295\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Multi-risk Interactions Towards Resilient and Sustainable Cities (MIT-RSC)","award":["MIT-EXPL\/CS\/0018\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIT-EXPL\/CS\/0018\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Decades of academic discussion on social resilience have led to the development of indicators, indexes, and different approaches to assessing it at national and local levels. The need to show real-world applications of such assessments is evident since resilience became a political and disaster risk reduction governance component. This article gives a full description of the methodology used to develop SoResilere, a new social resilience index applied to flood disaster-affected Portuguese municipalities. Study cases were selected according to historical databases, academic sources and governmental entities. Statistical methods for data dimension reduction, such as Factor Analysis (through Principal Component Analysis), were applied to the quantitative data and Optimal Scaling to the categorical data. SoResilere results were analyzed. Since SoResilere is a new tool, component weighting was applied to compare results with no weighting, although it did not affect the SoResilere status in 55.5% of the study cases. There is a tendency to look at the improvement of SoResilere results with component weighting due mainly to the quantitative subindex. There is no evidence of the benefits of component weighting, as no logical association or spatial pattern was found to support SoResilere status improvement in 22.22% of the study cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su15043309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T03:07:57Z","timestamp":1676257677000},"page":"3309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["SoResilere\u2014A Social Resilience Index Applied to Portuguese Flood Disaster-Affected Municipalities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0504-6388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Jacinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, Universidade de Lisboa, R. Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associated Laboratory Terra, R. Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8792-4649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Sebasti\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eus\u00e9bio","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, Universidade de Lisboa, R. Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associated Laboratory Terra, R. Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ferr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa (ICS-UL), Av. Prof. An\u00edbal Bettencourt 9, 1600-189 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2021.102422","article-title":"Disaster Resilience in Australia: A Geographic Assessment Using an Index of Coping and Adaptive Capacity","volume":"62","author":"Parsons","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2015.06.018","article-title":"Piloting a Social-Ecological Index for Measuring Flood Resilience: A Composite Index Approach","volume":"60","author":"Kotzee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. 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