{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T10:53:09Z","timestamp":1766400789660,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The primary objective of this paper is to explore how management capabilities influence the sustainable business performance of women-owned SMEs in Bangladesh, encompassing the moderating role of technological capabilities and the mediating effect of conceptual competency. This research is necessary to address a gap in understanding how managerial capabilities can drive long-term growth for women-owned SMEs in emerging countries, thereby enhancing the broader discourse on women\u2019s entrepreneurship and sustainable business practices. Data were collected from 216 women entrepreneurs across various SMEs in Bangladesh, and Smart PLS version 4 was employed for analysis. The measurement model was evaluated using factor loadings, Cronbach\u2019s Alpha, Composite Reliability (CR), Average Variance Extracted (AVE), the Heterotrait\u2013Monotrait (HTMT) ratio, and the Fornell\u2013Larcker test. Structural model analysis was conducted, examining R2, Q2, f2, beta coefficients, p-values, and t-statistics derived through bootstrapping. The results indicate that management capabilities play a pivotal role in enhancing conceptual competencies, which, in turn, significantly contribute to sustainable business performance. However, technological capabilities were not found to moderate the relationship between conceptual competency and sustainable business performance. Additionally, conceptual competency fully mediates the relationship between management capabilities and sustainable business performance. The findings underscore the importance of fostering skills and competencies among women entrepreneurs in emerging economy to drive long-term business success. The study\u2019s limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su162310193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T12:25:42Z","timestamp":1732191942000},"page":"10193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Linking Management Capabilities to Sustainable Business Performance of Women-Owned Small and Medium Enterprises in Emerging Market: A Moderation and Mediation Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0487-4357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharmin","family":"Akther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2800-5044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Rafiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Resource Management, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7341-7945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md.","family":"Faisal-E-Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Studies, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5404, Bangladesh"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1882-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui Alexandre","family":"Castanho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VALORIZA\u2014Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico 10, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa G\u00f3rnicza, Poland"},{"name":"Advanced Research Centre, European University of Lefke, Northern Cyprus, Lefke, TR-10, 99101 Mersin, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6611-3417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Loures","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VALORIZA\u2014Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico 10, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1951-889X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VALORIZA\u2014Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico 10, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogbari, M.E., Folorunso, F., Simon-Ilogho, B., Adebayo, O., Olanrewaju, K., Efegbudu, J., and Omoregbe, M. (2024). Social Empowerment and Its Effect on Poverty Alleviation for Sustainable Development Among Women Entrepreneurs in the Nigerian Agricultural Sector. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su16062225"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1007\/s11365-024-00977-3","article-title":"Feminisms and entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review investigating a troubled connection","volume":"20","author":"Lagrasta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Entrep. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mwesigwa, R., Alupo, S., Nakate, M., Mayengo, J., and Nabwami, R. (2024). The role of institutional support on female-owned business sustainability from a developing country\u2019s perspective. J. Humanit. Appl. Soc. Sci., ahead-of-print.","DOI":"10.1108\/JHASS-03-2024-0039"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1108\/SEJ-04-2023-0050","article-title":"Breaking barriers and empowering marginal women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh for sustainable economic growth: A narrative inquiry","volume":"20","author":"Moral","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Enterp. J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.47670\/wuwijar202481mhemnn","article-title":"Exploring the Gender Dimension in Entrepreneurship Development: A Systematic Literature Review in the Context of Bangladesh","volume":"8","author":"Emon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Westcliff Int. J. Appl. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alka, T.A., Sreenivasan, A., and Suresh, M. (2024). Tracking the footprints of global entrepreneurship research: A theoretical exploration of landscape of global entrepreneurship through a bibliometric perspective. J. Glob. Entrep. Res., 14.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40497-024-00390-8"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2024, November 10). Report on the Labor Force Survey of Bangladesh Institutions, Available online: https:\/\/bbs.portal.gov.bd\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/bbs.portal.gov.bd\/page\/57."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1162\/itid.2008.00003","article-title":"Transforming opportunities for women entrepreneurs","volume":"4","author":"Brodman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. Int. Dev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/08985626.2012.637340","article-title":"An International Journal Female entrepreneurship and economic development: An international perspective","volume":"24","author":"Brush","year":"2012","journal-title":"Entrep. Reg. Dev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, S.N., Khan, T., and Jilhajj, K. (2023). Investigating the role of banks in promoting women-owned micro and small businesses empirical evidence from an emerging economy. Bus. Strategy Dev., 7.","DOI":"10.1002\/bsd2.418"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.59324\/ejtas.2024.2(3).18","article-title":"Performance of Female Entrepreneurs: An Organized Assessment of the Literature Addressing the Factors Affecting Bangladeshi Women Entrepreneurs\u2019 Performance","volume":"2","author":"Gafur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Theor. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"85","article-title":"Modelling the influence of culture on entrepreneurial competencies and business success of the women micro entrepreneurs in the informal sector of the economy","volume":"5","author":"Salaudeen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Apl. Manaj. Ekon. Dan Bisnis"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"302","article-title":"Entrepreneurial Competencies and Business Success Among Women Entrepreneurs","volume":"11","author":"Baharudin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"350","article-title":"Female entrepreneurship motivational factors: Analysing effect through the conceptual competency-based framework","volume":"49","author":"Agarwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Entrep. Small Bus."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.331","article-title":"Corporate effects and dynamic managerial capabilities","volume":"24","author":"Adner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0266(200010\/11)21:10\/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities: What are they?","volume":"21","author":"Eisenhardt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1108\/EJTD-11-2013-0122","article-title":"Exploiting managerial capability for innovation in a micro-firm context: New and emerging perspectives within the Irish hotel industry","volume":"38","author":"Kearney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Train. Dev."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Relationship between entrepreneurial competencies of SME owners\/managers and Firm performance: A study on manufacturing SMEs in Khulna City","volume":"3","author":"Lopa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Manag."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1108\/17468770610642740","article-title":"How technological capability influences business performance: An integrated framework based on the contingency approach","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Technol. Manag. China"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"56","article-title":"Technological capability, innovativeness and the performance of manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in developing economies of Africa","volume":"21","author":"Salisu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IOSR J. Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.5267\/j.uscm.2022.9.008","article-title":"Entrepreneurial competence and information technology capability as indicators of business success","volume":"11","author":"Marei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Uncertain Supply Chain Manag."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.62754\/joe.v3i3.3553","article-title":"Mediating Role of Entrepreneurship Capability in Sustainable Performance and Women Entrepreneurship: An Evidence from a Developing Country","volume":"3","author":"Poli","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ecohumanism"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/mde.1192","article-title":"Resources, capabilities, and the performance of industrial firms: A multivariate analysis","volume":"25","author":"Carmeli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Manag. Decis. Econ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillis, W.E., Combs, J.G., and Yin, X. (2018). Franchise management capabilities and franchisor performance under alternative franchise ownership strategies. J. Bus. Ventur., 35.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2018.09.004"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/0266242614558315","article-title":"Entrepreneurial leadership, capabilities and firm growth","volume":"33","author":"Koryak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Small Bus. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-018-0023-7","article-title":"Geographical proximity and open innovation of SMEs in Cyprus","volume":"52","author":"Kapetaniou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Small Bus. Econ."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Katz, R.L. (1955). Skills of an Effective Administrator, Harvard Business Review."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Entrepreneurs Managerial Skills as Determinants for Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Ikupolati","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Small Bus. Entrep. Dev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBG.2023.128331","article-title":"Investigating entrepreneurial competency in emerging markets: A thematic analysis","volume":"33","author":"Mishra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Bus. Glob."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1177\/0266242610378287","article-title":"Managerial capabilities and paths to growth as determinants of high-growth small and medium-sized enterprises","volume":"29","author":"Barbero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Small Bus. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13288","article-title":"Exploring the governance practices of nurse managers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana","volume":"29","author":"Paarima","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Manag."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ndrecaj, V., Mohamed Hashim, M.A., Mason-Jones, R., Ndou, V., and Tlemsani, I. (2023). Exploring Lean Six Sigma as Dynamic Capability to Enable Sustainable Performance Optimisation in Times of Uncertainty. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su152316542"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"77","article-title":"Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship","volume":"30","author":"Mason","year":"2014","journal-title":"Final. Rep. OECD Paris"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1108\/IJGE-04-2019-0083","article-title":"The Diana project: A legacy for research on gender in entrepreneurship","volume":"12","author":"Brush","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Gend. Entrep."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/1086026617697039","article-title":"Toward a validated competence framework for sustainable entrepreneurship","volume":"31","author":"Ploum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Organ. Environ."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1108\/BPMJ-11-2021-0718","article-title":"Business strategy, spiritual capital and environmental sustainability performance: Mediating role of environmental management process","volume":"29","author":"Tjahjadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bus. Process Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalaivani, N., Vijayarangan, R., Chandra, S., and Karthikeyan, P. (2024). Women Entrepreneurs in Emerging Markets for Driving Economic Growth. Real-World Tools and Scenarios for Entrepreneurship Exploration, IGI Global.","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3693-3100-2.ch010"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Welter, F. (2007). Handbook on Women-Owned SMEs. Challenges and Opportunies in Policies and Programmes, IKED."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"59","article-title":"Does Usage of Financial Services influence the Growth of Women Owned Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in Cameroon?","volume":"5","author":"Nziali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Multidiscip. Int. J. Res. Dev."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6520.2006.00137.x","article-title":"Introduction to the special issue: Towards building cumulative knowledge on women\u2019s entrepreneurship","volume":"30","author":"Brush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Entrep. Theory Pract."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarfaraz, L., Faghih, N., and Majd, A. (2014). The relationship between women entrepreneurship and gender equality. J. Glob. Entrep. Res., 2.","DOI":"10.1186\/2251-7316-2-6"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dana, L.P., and Chhabra, M. (2024). Female Entrepreneurship, Institutional Support and Accomplishments: A Review. Women Entrepreneurship Policy: Context, Theory, and Practice, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-3607-2"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"526","article-title":"Socio economic impact of women entrepreneurship in Sylhet city, Bangladesh","volume":"6","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bangladesh Dev. Res. Work. Paper."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Allen, I.E., Langowitz, N., and Minniti, M. (2007). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. 2006 Report on Women and Entrepreneurship, Babson College."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"884","article-title":"Small and Medium Enterprise for Women Entrepreneurs in Taiwan","volume":"4","author":"Saikou","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meng, L., Qamruzzaman, M., and Adow, A.H.E. (2021). Technological adaption and open innovation in SMEs: An strategic assessment for women-owned SMEs sustainability in Bangladesh. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13052942"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"13","article-title":"The role of women entrepreneurship in women empowerment: A case study in the city of Barishal, Bangladesh. Bangladesh","volume":"5","author":"Khanum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21272\/hem.2023.1-01","article-title":"Women Participation in Entrepreneurial Activities in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from SMEs Sector","volume":"1","author":"Hossain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Econ. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1108\/00251749710173797","article-title":"Determinants of organizational performance","volume":"35","author":"Tvorik","year":"1997","journal-title":"Manag. Decis."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2023.12.008","article-title":"Artificial intelligence capabilities, open innovation, and business performance\u2013Empirical insights from multinational B2B companies","volume":"117","author":"Sahoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ind. Mark. Manag."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299606000410","article-title":"The Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition: Dynamics, Path Dependencies, and Evolutionary Dimensions","volume":"60","author":"Hunt","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"718","article-title":"Measuring organizational performance: Towards methodological best practice","volume":"35","author":"Richard","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2308\/acch.2001.15.2.147","article-title":"Transforming the balanced scorecard from performance measurement to strategic management: Part II","volume":"15","author":"Kaplan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Account. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"56","article-title":"Learning from Customer Defections","volume":"74","author":"Reichheld","year":"1996","journal-title":"Harv. Bus. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"37","article-title":"The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation-performance relationship","volume":"24","author":"Wiklund","year":"1999","journal-title":"Entrep. Growth Firms"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haseeb, M., Hussain, H.I., Kot, S., Androniceanu, A., and Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019). Role of social and technological challenges in achieving a sustainable competitive advantage and sustainable business performance. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11143811"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hurtado-Palomino, A., Gala-Vel\u00e1squez, B.D.L., Zirena-Bejarano, P.P., and Bustamante-Carpio, J.A. (2024). Structural Capital and Firm Performance: Synergistic Effects of Realized and Potential Absorptive Capacities in Tourism Businesses. Glob. Bus. Rev.","DOI":"10.1177\/09721509241228012"},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"Maina, W. (2015). Factors Influencing Performance of Women Owned Micro and Small Enterprises in Kikuyu Sub County, Kiambu County Kenya. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nairobi]."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"70","article-title":"Managerial competencies and their influence on managerial performance: A literature review introduction","volume":"2","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Res. Manag. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunawan, J., and Aungsuroch, Y. (2017). Managerial competence of first-line nurse managers: A concept analysis. Int. J. Nurs. Pract., 23.","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12502"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/0894845316680087","article-title":"Relationship Among Team Temporal Leadership, Competency, Followership, and Performance in Taiwanese Pharmaceutical Industry Leaders and Employees","volume":"45","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Career Dev."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1177\/017084069201300304","article-title":"Organizational Size and Innovation","volume":"13","author":"Damanpour","year":"1992","journal-title":"Organ. Stud."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.25105\/jmpj.v15i2.13802","article-title":"The effect of management capability and entrepreneurial orientation on business performance through business strategy as an intervening variable","volume":"15","author":"Niode","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Manaj. Dan Pemasar. Jasa"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"1","article-title":"Education for entrepreneurship and innovation: Management capabilities for sustainable growth and success","volume":"6","author":"Lewrick","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Entrep. Manag. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Papulova, Z., and Mokros, M. (2007). Importance of Managerial Skills and Knowledge in Management for Small Entrepreneurs. E-Lead. Prague, 1\u20138."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1108\/EJTD-01-2023-0005","article-title":"Integrating training for organizational sustainability: The application of Sustainable Development Goals globally","volume":"48","author":"Bilderback","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Train. Dev."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.30574\/msarr.2024.11.1.0123","article-title":"Enhancing small business success through financial literacy and education","volume":"11","author":"Urefe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Magna Sci. Adv. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.31966\/jabminternational.v32i1.1469","article-title":"Advancing Women Entrepreneurs: A Framework for Small Family Businesses Success Within the Sustainable Economy","volume":"32","author":"Xuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Account. Bus. Manag. (JABM)"},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"Agbim, K.C., Owutuamor, Z.B., and Oriarewo, G.O. (2013). Entrepreneurship development and tacit knowledge: Exploring the link between entrepreneurial learning and individual know-how. J. Bus. Stud. Q., 5."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/EJMBE-04-2020-0088","article-title":"MCS package and entrepreneurial competency influence on business performance: The moderating role of business strategy","volume":"32","author":"Rehman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Manag. Bus. Econ."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmetaj, B., Kruja, A.D., and Hysa, E. (2023). Women entrepreneurship: Challenges and perspectives of an emerging economy. Adm. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/admsci13040111"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-9026(00)00058-6","article-title":"The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises","volume":"17","author":"Man","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ventur."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1017\/jmo.2019.88","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities and performance: How has the relationship been assessed?","volume":"30","author":"Baia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Manag. Organ."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"40","article-title":"Management Practices of Successful Female Business Owners","volume":"8","author":"Decenzo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Small Bus."},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"622","article-title":"The effects of flexibility in employee skills, employee behaviors, and human resource practices on firm performance","volume":"31","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.18576\/jsap\/130301","article-title":"Managerial Competence and Inventory Management in SME Financial Performance: A Hungarian Perspective","volume":"13","author":"Ramadan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Stat. Appl. Probab."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1080\/07360932.2022.2115526","article-title":"Social Capital and Women\u2019s Empowerment","volume":"53","author":"Machio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Forum Soc. Econ."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paarima, Y., Ansah Ofei, A.M., and Kwashie, A.A. (2020). Managerial competencies of nurse managers in Ghana. Afr. J. Nurs. Midwifery, 22.","DOI":"10.25159\/2520-5293\/6969"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad, N.H., Suseno, Y., Seet, P.S., Susomrith, P., and Rashid, Z. (2018). Entrepreneurial competencies and firm performance in emerging economies: A study of women entrepreneurs in malaysia. Contrib. Manag. Sci., 5\u201326.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59282-4_2"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2012.08.007","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities, environmental dynamism, and competitive advantage: Evidence from China","volume":"67","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Afshari, M., Honary, H., and Ghafouri, F. (2010). An experimental study of three managerial skills (conceptual, human, technical) of administrative directors pf physical edeucation organizations throughout the country. Sport Manag., 105\u2013125."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1108\/GM-06-2021-0170","article-title":"Determinants of entrepreneurial performance of rural indigenous women entrepreneurs in Sarawak, Malaysia","volume":"38","author":"Yap","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gend. Manag. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"330","article-title":"Women in business: The impact of digital and financial literacy on female-owned small and medium-sized enterprises","volume":"21","author":"Asandimitra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Invest. Manag. Financ. Innov."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(01)00227-4","article-title":"The contribution of technology selection to core competencies","volume":"77","author":"Tuominen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-8310(01)00049-9","article-title":"The measurement of technical competencies","volume":"13","author":"Walsh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. High Technol. Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heredia, J., Castillo-Vergara, M., Geldes, C., Gamarra, F.M.C., Flores, A., and Heredia, W. (2022). How do digital capabilities affect firm performance? The mediating role of technological capabilities in the \u201cnew normal\u201d. J. Innov. Knowl., 7.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2022.100171"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-4748(00)00031-X","article-title":"The complementarity of cooperative and technological competencies: A resource-based perspective","volume":"18","author":"Tyler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Eng. Technol. Manag. (JET-M)"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-021-04505-2","article-title":"Examining the impact of deep learning technology capability on manufacturing firms: Moderating roles of technology turbulence and top management support","volume":"339","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(99)00034-4","article-title":"The skills and career path of an effective project manager","volume":"19","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_90","unstructured":"Man, W.Y.T. (2001). Entrepreneurial Competencies and the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Hong Kong Services Sector. [Ph.D. Thesis, Hong Kong Polyrechnic University]."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Ma, X., Pang, J., Xing, H., and Wang, J. (2023). The impact of digital transformation of manufacturing on corporate performance\u2014The mediating effect of business model innovation and the moderating effect of innovation capability. Res. Int. Bus. Financ., 64.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ribaf.2023.101890"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.425","article-title":"The global acquisition, leverage, and protection of technological competencies","volume":"25","author":"McEvily","year":"2004","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.2307\/259041","article-title":"A resource-based view of product development","volume":"24","author":"Verona","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"329","article-title":"Technological capabilities and industrial concentration in NICs and industrialized countries: Taiwanese SMEs versus South Korean chaebols","volume":"1","author":"Etemad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Entrep. Innov. Manag."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.181","article-title":"Internal capabilities, external networks, and performance: A study on technology-based ventures","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1002\/mde.3507","article-title":"Digital technology adoption, digital dynamic capability, and digital transformation performance of textile industry: Moderating role of digital innovation orientation","volume":"43","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Manag. Decis. Econ."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-8310(00)00022-5","article-title":"Core competences and company performance in the world-wide computer industry","volume":"11","author":"Duysters","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. High Technol. Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"719","article-title":"\u201cKnowledge management practices\u201d as moderator in the relationship between organizational culture and performance in information technology companies in India","volume":"53","author":"Shea","year":"2023","journal-title":"VINE J. Inf. Knowl. Manag. Syst."},{"key":"ref_99","unstructured":"Kamar, K., Lewaherilla, N.C., Ausat, A.M.A., Ukar, K., and Gadzali, S.S. (2022). The Influence of Information Technology and Human Resource Management Capabilities on SMEs Performance. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Res., 6."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1057\/emr.2009.28","article-title":"The hollow corporation revisited: Can governance mechanisms substitute for technical expertise in managing buyer-supplier relationships","volume":"7","author":"Parmigiani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430310505322","article-title":"Managerial skills and SMEs\u2019 development in Palestine","volume":"8","author":"Analoui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Career Dev. Int."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2024.06.179","article-title":"Conceptualizing Business Process Management Capabilities in Digitalization Contexts","volume":"239","author":"Eikebrokk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities and strategic management","volume":"18","author":"Teece","year":"1997","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.640","article-title":"Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance","volume":"28","author":"Teece","year":"2007","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_105","unstructured":"Markedium (2024, November 12). SMEs of Bangladesh: The Present Scenario and Future Prospects. Available online: https:\/\/markedium.com\/smes-of-bangladesh-the-present-scenario-and-future-prospects\/."},{"key":"ref_106","unstructured":"International Monetary Fund (2024, November 09). World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019. Available online: https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Publications\/WEO\/Issues\/2020\/04\/14\/weo-april-2020."},{"key":"ref_107","unstructured":"Ministry of Industries, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh (2024, November 09). Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Policy 2019, Available online: https:\/\/moind.portal.gov.bd\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/moind.portal.gov.bd\/page\/66b4934c_1ad2_4ab3_a9f8_329331d9b054\/10.%20SME%20Policy%202019.pdf."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faisal-E-Alam, M., Khan, M.R.A., Rahman, M.A., Ferreira, P., Almeida, D., and Castanho, R.A. (2024). Critical Individual and Organizational Drivers of Circular Economy Implementation in SMEs in Bangladesh. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su16167149"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2015.05.011","article-title":"Chittagong, Bangladesh","volume":"48","author":"Mia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_110","unstructured":"Nawanir, G. (2016). The effect of lean manufacturing on operations performance and business performance in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia]."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.431","article-title":"Revisiting the miles and snow strategic framework: Uncovering interrelationships between strategic types, capabilities, environmental uncertainty, and firm performance","volume":"26","author":"Desarbo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250110504","article-title":"Strategic types, distinctive marketing competencies and organizational performance: A multiple measures-based study","volume":"11","author":"Conant","year":"1990","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.2307\/256144","article-title":"Managerial work: The influence of hierarchical level and functional specialty","volume":"26","author":"Pavett","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9026(92)90028-P","article-title":"The founder\u2019s self-assessed competence and venture performance","volume":"7","author":"Chandler","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ventur."},{"key":"ref_115","unstructured":"Avkiran, N., and Ringle, C. (2018). Why Should PLS-SEM be Used Rather than Regression? Evidence from the Capital Structure Perspective. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling: Recent Advances in Banking and Finance, Springer."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homburg, C., Klarmann, M., and Vomberg, A. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Handbook of Market Research, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05542-8"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s10869-010-9181-6","article-title":"What reviewers should expect from authors regarding common method bias in organizational research","volume":"25","author":"Conway","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bus. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_119","unstructured":"Kim, K. (2016). Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: A Comparative Evaluation of Six Structural Equation Modeling Methods. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer."},{"key":"ref_120","unstructured":"Cooper, D.R., Schindler, P.S., and Sharma, J.K. (2018). Business Research Methods, 12\/E (SIE), McGraw-Hill Education."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-12-2017-0515","article-title":"Heuristics Versus Statistics in Discriminant Validity Testing: A Comparison of Four Procedures","volume":"29","author":"Franke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcoulides, G.A. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410604385"},{"key":"ref_124","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, Routledge. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_125","first-page":"72","article-title":"An inter-industry examination of the impact of owner experience on firm performance","volume":"30","author":"Dyke","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Small Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1080\/20430795.2021.1962663","article-title":"Financial literacy, financial capabilities, and sustainable business model practice among small business owners in Nigeria","volume":"13","author":"Babajide","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sustain. Financ. Invest."},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"1","article-title":"Founder human capital and small firm performance: An empirical study of founder-managed natural food stores","volume":"4","author":"Segal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Manag. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marchiori, D.M., Rodrigues, R.G., Popadiuk, S., and Mainardes, E.W. (2022). The relationship between human capital, information technology capability, innovativeness and organizational performance: An integrated approach. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, 177.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121526"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Tabbaa, O., and Zahoor, N. (2024). Alliance management capability and SMEs\u2019 international expansion: The role of innovation pathways. J. Bus. Res., 171.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2023.114384"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ratten, V. (2022). How Women Entrepreneurs Are Adapting in Dynamic Entrepreneurial Ecosystem of Pakistan. Strategic Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Business Model Innovation, Emerald Publishing Limited.","DOI":"10.1108\/978-1-80382-137-520221001"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qader, A.A., Zhang, J., Ashraf, S.F., Syed, N., Omhand, K., and Nazir, M. (2022). Capabilities and opportunities: Linking knowledge management practices of textile-based SMEs on sustainable entrepreneurship and organizational performance in China. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14042219"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.2614","article-title":"On the conceptualization and measurement of dynamic capabilities for sustainability: Building theory through a systematic literature review","volume":"30","author":"Buzzao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bus. Strategy Environ."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.7187\/GJATSI022022-3","article-title":"Development of entrepreneurial competencies and business performance in SMEs: Between government support and empowerment of Malaysian women entrepreneurs","volume":"SI","author":"Chian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob. J. Al-Thaqafah"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Epezagne Assamala, I.R., Li, W., Ashraf, S.F., Syed, N., Di, H., and Nazir, M. (2022). Mediation-moderation model: An empirical examination of sustainable women entrepreneurial performance towards agricultural SMEs in ivory coast. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14106368"},{"key":"ref_135","unstructured":"Van Dyk, E. (2022). Female Leaders: A Dynamic Capabilities View on Diversity and Equality. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Pretoria]."},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"135","article-title":"How Do Young Entrepreneurs Enhance Problem-Solving Skills and Quality Business Decision Making? Understanding the Driver Factors","volume":"13","author":"Constantine","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Dan Entrep."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1108\/IJEBR-07-2023-0690","article-title":"Entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs and the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities: Empirical evidence from Lebanon","volume":"30","author":"Nigam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Entrep. Behav. Res."}],"container-title":["Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/23\/10193\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:36:54Z","timestamp":1760114214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/23\/10193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["su162310193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su162310193","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-1050"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2071-1050"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]}}}