{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T20:48:09Z","timestamp":1773262089719,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UID\/04008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04008"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel\u2014Brazil (CAPES)","award":["UID\/04008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04008"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel\u2014Brazil (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Pro-Rectory for Research (Propesq) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)","award":["UID\/04008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04008"]}]},{"name":"Pro-Rectory for Research (Propesq) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["UID\/04008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04008"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the integration of resilience attributes\u2014flexibility, environmental comfort, and ecological adequacy\u2014into social housing projects developed between 2013 and 2023 in architectural competitions in Brazil and Portugal. The research aims to evaluate the presence and quality of these attributes in awarded proposals and to assess the alignment between design solutions and the Terms of Reference (TRs) of the competitions, identifying regulatory gaps and providing recommendations to enhance future guidelines. Methodologically, the study applies a multi-criteria matrix, adapted to different climatic and socio-cultural contexts, to conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 120 projects. The results show average to good performance in categories such as Environmental Comfort and Typologies, but significant weaknesses in Water and Waste Management, Energy Efficiency, and the use of Low-Impact Materials. The findings highlight the need for TRs to incorporate more specific resilience guidelines, including strategies for water reuse, energy efficiency, and adaptive capacity. The main contribution of this research is to provide a detailed diagnostic and propose evidence-based recommendations to improve architectural competitions for social housing, fostering more resilient and sustainable solutions aligned with contemporary challenges. The originality lies in the systematic analysis of how resilience concepts can be operationalized from the early design stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su17125559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T05:52:47Z","timestamp":1750139567000},"page":"5559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resilience in Social Housing Projects from Architecture Competitions in Portugal and Brazil (2013\u20132023): Evaluating Flexibility, Environmental Adequacy, and Comfort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2651-1012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heitor","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4359-1026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9346-4039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Farias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIAUD, Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Design, Lisbon School of Architecture, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-063 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6313-7093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2677-4329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia, E.J., and Vale, B. (2017). Unravelling Sustainability and Resilience in the Environment, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315629087"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings2020126","article-title":"Design of A Sustainable Building: A Conceptual Framework for Implementing Sustainability in the Building Sector","volume":"2","author":"Akadiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holechek, J.L., Geli, H.M.E., Sawalhah, M.N., and Valdez, R. (2022). A Global Assessment: Can Renewable Energy Replace Fossil Fuels by 2050?. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14084792"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cuce, P.M., Cuce, E., and Santamouris, M. (2025). Towards Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Cities: Mitigating Urban Heat Islands Through Green Infrastructure. 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Holistic Housing: Concepts, Design Strategies and Processess, Edition Detail.","DOI":"10.11129\/detail.9783955531461"}],"container-title":["Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/17\/12\/5559\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:53:24Z","timestamp":1760032404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/17\/12\/5559"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["su17125559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su17125559","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2071-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]}}}