{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:12:07Z","timestamp":1766067127863,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]],"date-time":"2020-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/EEA\/50008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/EEA\/50008\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Telecom"],"abstract":"<jats:p>5G Communications will support millimeter waves (mm-Wave), alongside the conventional centimeter waves, which will enable much higher throughputs and facilitate the employment of hundreds or thousands of antenna elements, commonly referred to as massive Multiple Input\u2013Multiple Output (MIMO) systems. This article proposes and studies an efficient low complexity receiver that jointly performs channel estimation based on superimposed pilots, and data detection, optimized for massive MIMO (m-MIMO). Superimposed pilots suppress the overheads associated with channel estimation based on conventional pilot symbols, which tends to be more demanding in the case of m-MIMO, leading to a reduction in spectral efficiency. On the other hand, MIMO systems tend to be associated with an increase of complexity and increase of signal processing, with an exponential increase with the number of transmit and receive antennas. A reduction of complexity is obtained with the use of the two proposed algorithms. These algorithms reduce the complexity but present the disadvantage that they generate a certain level of interference. In this article, we consider an iterative receiver that performs the channel estimation using superimposed pilots and data detection, while mitigating the interference associated with the proposed algorithms, leading to a performance very close to that obtained with conventional pilots, but without the corresponding loss in the spectral efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/telecom1010002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T11:42:11Z","timestamp":1584704531000},"page":"3-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Low Complexity Channel Estimation and Detection for Massive MIMO Using SC-FDE"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5498-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Marques da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Aut\u00f3noma de Lisboa, 1169-023 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Dinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5106-239X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Aut\u00f3noma de Lisboa, 1169-023 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2011.2178495","article-title":"Scaling up MIMO: Opportunities and challenges with very large arrays","volume":"30","author":"Rusek","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. 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MIMO Processing for 4G and Beyond: Fundamentals and Evolution, CRC Press Auerbach Publications."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinis, R., Montezuma, P., Souto, N., and Silva, J. (2010, January 12\u201314). Iterative Frequency-Domain Equalization for General Constellations. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, Princeton, NJ, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SARNOF.2010.5469792"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinis, R., Silva, J.C., Souto, N., and Montezuma, P. (2010, January 6\u20139). On the Design of Turbo Equalizers for SC-FDE Schemes with Different Error Protections. 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