{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T02:17:13Z","timestamp":1767665833952,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project be@t\u2014Textile Bioeconomy","award":["TC-C12-i01, Sustainable Bioeconomy No. 02\/C12-i01\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TC-C12-i01, Sustainable Bioeconomy No. 02\/C12-i01\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Textiles"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the continuous optimization of cutting plans, the cotton scrap size resulting from the cutting of components for clothing production (post-industrial residues) is often considered insufficient to obtain fibres with the proper length to produce a new yarn through mechanical recycling processes; so it is important to search for other applications for these wastes. In this context, small pieces of cotton were submitted to a shredding process to obtain recycled fibres. Cotton small pieces and recycled fibres were then submitted to a refining process to achieve refined fibres. Using these materials alone and in blends with refined and unrefined bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp (BEKP), wet-laid nonwovens were developed and characterized. An analysis of the results revealed that the replacement of unrefined BEKP by 70% cotton waste fibres in wet-laid nonwovens, reducing the use of virgin raw material, enhances the structures\u2019 mechanical properties by 80% and 14%, for small pieces or recycled fibres, respectively. Additionally, refining small pieces of cotton seems to be more promising than refining recycled fibres, because less steps are required to obtain wet-laid nonwovens with better mechanical properties. These results highlight the potential of this approach to be explored further for different products and end applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/textiles4030018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T08:45:34Z","timestamp":1719996334000},"page":"309-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Added-Value of Cotton Textile Waste for Nonwoven Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7278-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00facia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEVE\u2014Technological Centre for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalic\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEVE\u2014Technological Centre for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalic\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Juliana C.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEVE\u2014Technological Centre for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalic\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEVE\u2014Technological Centre for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalic\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Anabela","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAIZ\u2014Forest and Paper Research Institute, 3800-783 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAIZ\u2014Forest and Paper Research Institute, 3800-783 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4159-8999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Carta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAIZ\u2014Forest and Paper Research Institute, 3800-783 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1561-4406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAIZ\u2014Forest and Paper Research Institute, 3800-783 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7509-9135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla J.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEVE\u2014Technological Centre for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalic\u00e3o, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, September 05). 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