{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T06:32:51Z","timestamp":1766212371131,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["200212\/2022-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["200212\/2022-2"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["402980\/2022-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["402980\/2022-0"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["422701\/2021-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["422701\/2021-1"]}]},{"name":"Institute for Innovation in Eco-Efficient Cementitious Materials for Construction Decarbonization","award":["408791\/2024-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408791\/2024-1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021\/04780\u20137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/04780\u20137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022\/07179\u20135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/07179\u20135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2014\/50948\u20133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/50948\u20133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024\/02445\u20134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\/02445\u20134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025\/27072-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025\/27072-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Brazilian Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement","award":["Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Code 001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Textiles"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) is an alternative class of mechanical reinforcement for cement composites. The biaxial braided reinforcement structure in composite materials with diverse cross-sectional shapes offers high adaptability, torsional stability, and resistance to damage. In general, 3D textile reinforcements improve the mechanical properties of composites compared to 2D reinforcements. This study aimed to verify reinforcement behavior by comparing multidimensional braided textiles, 2D (one- and two-layer) reinforcements, and 3D reinforcement in composite cementitious boards. Experimental tests were performed to evaluate the effect of textile structures on cementitious composites using four-point bending tests, porosity measurements, and crack patterns. All textiles showed sufficient space between yarns, allowing the matrix (a commercial formulation) to infiltrate and influence the composite mechanical properties. All composites presented ductility behavior. The two layers of 2D textile composites displayed thicker cracks, influenced by shear forces. Three-dimensional textiles exhibited superior values in four-point bending tests for modulus of rupture (7.4 \u00b1 0.5 MPa) and specific energy (5.7 \u00b1 0.3 kJ\/m2). No delamination or debonding failure was observed in the boards after the bending tests. The 3D textile structure offers a larger contact area with the cementitious matrix and creates a continuous network, enabling more uniform force distribution in all directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/textiles5040070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T11:08:28Z","timestamp":1766056108000},"page":"70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Multidimensional Epoxy-Coated Sisal\/PET Braided Textile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8274-0648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lais","family":"Kohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13630-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4044-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alexandre","family":"Fioroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13630-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8811-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano G. S.","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13630-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4535-7989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivis","family":"de Aguiar Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4211-2740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tais O. G.","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13630-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8547-3805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel V.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5538-0544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Baruque-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH), University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 03828-000, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-6563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Fangueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1827-1047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holmer","family":"Savastano Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13630-000, SP, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"04008","DOI":"10.1051\/matecconf\/201816204008","article-title":"Tensile strength of 3D textiles reinforced cementitious composites plates","volume":"162","author":"Gorgis","year":"2018","journal-title":"MATEC Web Conf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.133652","article-title":"Cement composite plates reinforced with nonwoven fabrics from technical textile waste fibres: Mechanical and environmental assessment","volume":"372","author":"Ventura","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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