{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T09:55:31Z","timestamp":1767347731465,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tourism and Hospitality"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, young people\u2019s historical and cultural awareness has been increasingly described as fragmented and disengaged, particularly in the context of rapid social change and \u201cliquid modernity\u201d. Drawing on Clio, the Muse of History, as a metaphor for historical knowledge and memory, this study addresses this challenge by examining how heritage education and history didactics can be reimagined through digital transformation within tourism and educational training programmes. Based on an action research project conducted during the academic year 2022\u20132023 at the Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo (Portugal), we combine a mixed-methods approach with surveys (n = 65) and co-creation workshops (n = 6) inspired by the Finnish Demola model. The research was presented at the INVTUR conference (2024), reinforcing its international relevance and applicability to global debates on heritage, tourism and education. The results indicate that higher education students (mainly from Tourism and Education degrees) show a low level of historical consciousness and limited cultural consumption habits, despite broad access to digital tools and cultural opportunities. However, the co-creation process revealed innovative ways of reconnecting young people with cultural identity and history, particularly through digital storytelling, gamification and virtual heritage experiences. Results show that 68% of participants report low engagement in cultural activities and that less than one-third visit museums or heritage sites regularly. These findings suggest that digital heritage pedagogies can strengthen historical awareness and contribute to more sustainable and culturally rooted forms of education and tourism. The paper concludes by proposing a framework for integrating digital transformation, heritage education, and history didactics in tourism curricula, highlighting implications for policy, pedagogy and cultural sustainability. It also underscores the urgency of rethinking digital heritage pedagogies to strengthen historical awareness and foster a renewed sense of cultural citizenship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tourhosp7010011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T09:18:56Z","timestamp":1767345536000},"page":"11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["No Room for Clio? Digital Approaches to Historical Awareness and Cultural Heritage Education"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5052-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo Maia","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o (INED), 4901-908 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-2229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Oliveira","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Lab2PT-Laborat\u00f3rio de Paisagens, Patrim\u00f3nio e Territ\u00f3rio da Universidade do Minho e Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o (INED), 4901-908 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5937\/TurPos1617009A","article-title":"Tourism education: Past, present and future","volume":"17","author":"Airey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turisticko Poslovanje"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Airey, D., and Tribe, J. 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