{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T11:39:58Z","timestamp":1763811598898,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the novel activated carbon developed from Phyllanthus emblica fruit stone, through hydrothermal treatment at low pressure and temperature, was utilized for the removal of 4-nitrophenol, 4-chlorophenol, and phenol from water. The activated carbon produced (AC-HTPEFS) showed a well-developed porosity with a surface area of 569 m2 g\u22121 and a total pore volume of 0.342 cm3 g\u22121. The adsorption process was explored and efficiently applied regarding the removal of phenols and substituted phenols from wastewater. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. To analyze the equilibrium data, different isotherm models were employed. The Langmuir model applied best, with maximum adsorption capacities of 0.463, 0.434, and 0.387 mmol g\u22121 at 25 \u00b0C for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), and phenol, respectively, regarding the AC-HTPEFS. The adsorption was mainly an endothermic process, and the results achieved were slightly higher than those obtained with a commercial activated carbon commonly used for this purpose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12120874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T10:07:10Z","timestamp":1733306830000},"page":"874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Substituent Groups on the Adsorption Efficiency of Phenols by Activated Carbon Developed by Hydrothermally Treated Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Stone"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0802-5897","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Suhas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}]},{"given":"Sarita","family":"Kushwaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1450-6689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Hariom Saraswati P.G. College, Dhanauri, Haridwar 247667, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4714-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubham","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}]},{"given":"Vaishali","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2085-9157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel Pestana da Paix\u00e3o","family":"Cansado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED\u2014Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & Change\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology, University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho, n\u00ba 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hadi","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran"},{"name":"Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sobiesiak, M. 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