{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T06:03:58Z","timestamp":1776837838815,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biomonitoring allows for the assessment of internal exposure to various pesticides and metabolites. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aims to summarise innovative biomonitoring techniques for assessing pesticide exposure in agricultural workers, their advantages and limitations, and their applicability. The search of the Medline\/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases identified 14 articles dealing with new techniques for biomonitoring pesticide exposure in agricultural workers. These new methodologies have identified several biomarkers associated with exposure to organophosphates. Most of the included studies combine and\/or improve traditional methods to overcome their limitations. This leads to more sensitive, specific, and precise techniques with lower detection and quantification limits. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly analyse and test new biomonitoring methods for assessing pesticide exposure. These techniques can complement qualitative risk assessments and aid in developing strategies to protect public health and the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13020104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T03:26:10Z","timestamp":1738121170000},"page":"104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["New Methodologies and Techniques for Biomonitoring Pesticide Exposure in Agricultural Workers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6346-2080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Programme in Occupational Safety and Health Student (DemSSO), Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, E2S, Polythecnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida no. 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2367-2187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (PROA\/LAETA), Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1256-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Vieira da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, E2S, Polythecnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida no. 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas no. 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez, S.F., Pastor, A., Yus\u00e0, V., Montesinos, L., and Pardo, O. 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