{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T18:51:40Z","timestamp":1772823100370,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PT national funds","award":["UID\/50006\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/50006\/2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Countless environmental pollutants and xenobiotics, are widespread and linked to hazardous effects, including breast cancer. Due to their lipophilic properties, these accumulate in fat tissue, such as breast adipose tissue. However, little is still known about their combined effects and distribution within the breast microenvironment. Alterations in fatty acid metabolism can be a biomarker for cancer progression and a potential bioindicator of pollutant exposure. In this study, the fatty acid profile and levels of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides (OCPs and OPPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and synthetic musks (SMs) were measured in 48 breast adipose tissue samples from breast cancer and healthy patients (controls). Twelve xenobiotics were detected at high frequency rates, and the distribution profile of these pollutants differed between cohorts. In total, 163 correlations were identified between specific fatty acids and breast cancer patients\u2019 data, with distinct correlation patterns between cohorts. Fatty acids show the potential to be biomarkers of the presence of lipophilic xenobiotics in the breast microenvironment; however, more studies are needed. This preliminary study is the first to analyze OPPs, OPEs, and PAHs in breast adipose tissue and report associations between xenobiotics and specific fatty acids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics14030224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T13:00:02Z","timestamp":1772802002000},"page":"224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Breast Adipose Tissue\u2019s Xenobiotics and Fatty Acid Profile\u2014A Preliminary Study in Portuguese Women with Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8291-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9593-1355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pa\u00edga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6839-6310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Castela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6112-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Vasques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Champalimaud Research & Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Av. Bras\u00edlia, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3508-8749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Rua Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nio Serrano, 1150-199 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Rua Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nio Serrano, 1150-199 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2162-1450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6332-7914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Pestana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5165-9513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC-Comprehensive Health Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3924-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Delerue-Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1951-3557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ramalhosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9567-3379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Calhau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3472-849X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Fernandes Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2013). 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