{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T03:14:41Z","timestamp":1768706081373,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/ASP-PES\/31762\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/ASP-PES\/31762\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/Multi\/04423\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/04423\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AGR\/04129\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AGR\/04129\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ROTEIRO\/0028\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ROTEIRO\/0028\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are among the most prevalent marine toxins in Europe\u2019s and in other temperate coastal regions. These toxins are produced by several dinoflagellate species; however, the contamination of the marine trophic chain is often attributed to species of the genus Dinophysis. This group of toxins, constituted by okadaic acid (OA) and analogous molecules (dinophysistoxins, DTXs), are highly harmful to humans, causing severe poisoning symptoms caused by the ingestion of contaminated seafood. Knowledge on the mode of action and toxicology of OA and the chemical characterization and accumulation of DSTs in seafood species (bivalves, gastropods and crustaceans) has significantly contributed to understand the impacts of these toxins in humans. Considerable information is however missing, particularly at the molecular and metabolic levels involving toxin uptake, distribution, compartmentalization and biotransformation and the interaction of DSTs with aquatic organisms. Recent contributions to the knowledge of DSTs arise from transcriptomics and proteomics research. Indeed, OMICs constitute a research field dedicated to the systematic analysis on the organisms\u2019 metabolisms. The methodologies used in OMICs are also highly effective to identify critical metabolic pathways affecting the physiology of the organisms. In this review, we analyze the main contributions provided so far by OMICs to DSTs research and discuss the prospects of OMICs with regard to the DSTs toxicology and the significance of these toxins to public health, food safety and aquaculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12080493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T07:45:57Z","timestamp":1596440757000},"page":"493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["OMICs Approaches in Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos, s\/n, 4450\u2013208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos, s\/n, 4450\u2013208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ESS-P.Porto, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto. Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF-Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos, s\/n, 4450\u2013208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5211-972X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dany","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos, s\/n, 4450\u2013208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6362-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ipatimup\u2014Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3585-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos, s\/n, 4450\u2013208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6083-470X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Reis Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPMA\u2014Instituto Portugu\u00eas do Mar da Atmosfera, Rua Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01051","article-title":"Marine Biotoxins: Occurrence, Toxicity, Regulatory Limits and Reference Methods","volume":"7","author":"Visciano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2007.05.002","article-title":"Two decades of marine biotoxin monitoring in bivalves from Portugal (1986\u20132006): A review of exposure assessment","volume":"7","author":"Vale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3390\/md12010394","article-title":"Dinophysis Toxins: Causative Organisms, Distribution and Fate in Shellfish","volume":"12","author":"Reguera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3354\/meps213039","article-title":"Uptake and fate of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins from the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians","volume":"213","author":"Bauder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90385-I","article-title":"Structurally different members of the okadaic acid class selectively inhibit protein serine\/threonine but not tyrosine phosphatase activity","volume":"30","author":"Suganuma","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10641269509388565","article-title":"Phycotoxin-related shellfish poisoning: Bivalve molluscs are not the only vectors","volume":"3","author":"Shumway","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev. Fish. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"(2020, June 05). The Occurrence of Prorocentrum Species [Algae] and Coincidental Gastrointestinal Illness of Mussel Consumers, Netherlands. Available online: https:\/\/agris.fao.org\/agris-search\/search.do?recordID=US19810650121."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3214","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200300838","article-title":"Proteomic study of a model causative agent of harmful algal blooms, Prorocentrum triestinum II: The use of differentially expressed protein profiles under different growth phases and growth conditions for bloom prediction","volume":"4","author":"Chan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2015.03.031","article-title":"Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of splenic immune mechanisms of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) infected by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida","volume":"122","author":"Long","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.216","article-title":"Quantitative proteomics reveals the key molecular events occurring at different cell cycle phases of the in situ blooming dinoflagellate cells","volume":"676","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.07.291","article-title":"Transcriptomic response to changing ambient phosphorus in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense","volume":"692","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swan, S., Turner, A.D., Bresnan, E., Whyte, C., Paterson, R.F., McNeill, S., Mitchell, E., and Davidson, K. (2018). Dinophysis acuta in Scottish Coastal Waters and Its Influence on Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxin Profiles. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10100399"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uchida, H., Watanabe, R., Matsushima, R., Oikawa, H., Nagai, S., Kamiyama, T., Baba, K., Miyazono, A., Kosaka, Y., and Kaga, S. (2018). Toxin Profiles of Okadaic Acid Analogues and Other Lipophilic Toxins in Dinophysis from Japanese Coastal Waters. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10110457"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2018.09.072","article-title":"Sensor system based on flexible screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical detection of okadaic acid in seawater","volume":"192","author":"Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9414","DOI":"10.3390\/s91109414","article-title":"Use of Biosensors as Alternatives to Current Regulatory Methods for Marine Biotoxins","volume":"9","author":"Louzao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.01.008","article-title":"In vitro bioaccessibility of the marine biotoxins okadaic acid, dinophysistoxin-2 and their 7-O-acyl fatty acid ester derivatives in raw and steamed shellfish","volume":"101","author":"Manita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.04.041","article-title":"Bioaccessibility of lipophilic and hydrophilic marine biotoxins in seafood: An in vitro digestion approach","volume":"129","author":"Alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8699-4","article-title":"Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Okadaic Acid (OKA)-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Novel Tool for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Therapeutic Application","volume":"50","author":"Kamat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.12.021","article-title":"Comparative study of toxicological and cell cycle effects of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-2 in primary rat hepatocytes","volume":"90","author":"Rubiolo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez, D., Garc\u00eda, C., and Contreras, H.R. (2020). Toxins of Okadaic Acid-Group Increase Malignant Properties in Cells of Colon Cancer. Toxins, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12030179"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-018-2765-7","article-title":"The concept of the okadaic acid class of tumor promoters is revived in endogenous protein inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A, SET and CIP2A, in human cancers","volume":"144","author":"Fujiki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1021\/tx700016m","article-title":"Clarification of the C-35 Stereochemistries of Dinophysistoxin-1 and Dinophysistoxin-2 and Its Consequences for Binding to Protein Phosphatase","volume":"20","author":"Larsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2006.04.017","article-title":"DNA microarray technology in toxicogenomics of aquatic models: Methods and applications","volume":"145","author":"Ju","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomes, F., Watanabe, L., Vianez, J., Nunes, M., Cardoso, J., Lima, C., Schneider, H., and Sampaio, I. (2019). Comparative analysis of the transcriptome of the Amazonian fish species Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) and hybrid tambacu by next generation sequencing. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212755"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s12041-018-0997-6","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in a highland fish, Pareuchiloglanis sinensis (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) by next-generation sequencing","volume":"97","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Genet."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.029","article-title":"Identification of okadaic acid-induced phosphorylation events by a mass spectrometry approach","volume":"342","author":"Hill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Almeida, A.M., Miller, I., and Eckersall, D. (2018). Proteomics in Domestic Animals: From Farm to Systems Biology, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69682-9"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.10.019","article-title":"Proteomic profile in Perna viridis after exposed to Prorocentrum lima, a dinoflagellate producing DSP toxins","volume":"196","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-017-0343-y","article-title":"Quantitative proteomics in lung cancer","volume":"24","author":"Cheung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2013.01.029","article-title":"Muscle and meat: New horizons and applications for proteomics on a farm to fork perspective","volume":"88","author":"Paredi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s10930-019-09857-0","article-title":"The Queen Conch (Lobatus gigas) Proteome: A Valuable Tool for Biological Studies in Marine Gastropods","volume":"38","author":"Lippolis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Protein J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2015.08.008","article-title":"Proteomic profiling of gill GSTs in Mytilus galloprovincialis from the North of Portugal and Galicia evidences variations at protein isoform level with a possible relation with water quality","volume":"110","author":"Azevedo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114002602","article-title":"Animal board invited review: Advances in proteomics for animal and food sciences","volume":"9","author":"Almeida","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1039\/C5MB00788G","article-title":"Proteomics and the search for welfare and stress biomarkers in animal production in the one-health context","volume":"12","author":"Almeida","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. BioSyst."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campos, A., and Almeida, A.M. (2016). Top-Down Proteomics and Farm Animal and Aquatic Sciences. Proteomes, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/proteomes4040038"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2012.04.009","article-title":"Mass spectrometry and animal science: Protein identification strategies and particularities of farm animal species","volume":"75","author":"Soares","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues, P.M., Schrama, D., Campos, A., Osorio, H., and Freitas, M. (2016). Applications of Proteomics in Aquaculture, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43275-5_10"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murgarella, M., Puiu, D., Novoa, B., Figueras, A., Posada, D., and Canchaya, C. (2016). A first insight into the genome of the filter-feeder mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160081"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11413","article-title":"The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation","volume":"490","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10956","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4328-7","article-title":"Effects of anthracene on filtration rates, antioxidant defense system, and redox proteomics in the Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)","volume":"22","author":"Badreddine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2018.08.020","article-title":"RNA-seq coupled to proteomic analysis reveals high sperm proteome variation between two closely related marine mussel species","volume":"192","author":"Romero","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zmasek, C., and Godzik, A. (2012). This D\u00e9j\u00e0 Vu Feeling\u2014Analysis of Multidomain Protein Evolution in Eukaryotic Genomes. PLoS Comput. Boil., 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002701"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700919","article-title":"D\u00e9j\u00e0 vu in proteomics. A hit parade of repeatedly identified differentially expressed proteins","volume":"8","author":"Petrak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-117-8_17","article-title":"Finding the significant markers: Statistical analysis of proteomic data","volume":"428","author":"Carpentier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Boil. (Clifton N.J.)"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3676","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201500185","article-title":"Proteomics in Argentina-limitations and future perspectives: A special emphasis on meat proteomics","volume":"15","author":"Fadda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2560283","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of a marine sponge toxin, okadaic acid, on protein phosphatases","volume":"256","author":"Bialojan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2017.0108","article-title":"Toward Neuroproteomics in Biological Psychiatry: A Systems Approach Unravels Okadaic Acid-Induced Alterations in the Neuronal Phosphoproteome","volume":"21","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"OMICS: A J. Integr. Boil."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2017.02.011","article-title":"Systematic Analysis of Human Protein Phosphatase Interactions and Dynamics","volume":"4","author":"Yadav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Syst."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.09.025","article-title":"Structure of Protein Phosphatase 2A Core Enzyme Bound to Tumor-Inducing Toxins","volume":"127","author":"Xing","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44078","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107656200","article-title":"Crystal Structure of the Tumor-promoter Okadaic Acid Bound to Protein Phosphatase-1","volume":"276","author":"Maynes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Boil. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.6.1768","article-title":"Okadaic acid: An additional non-phorbol-12-tetradecanoate-13-acetate-type tumor promoter","volume":"85","author":"Suganuma","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.3390\/md11061763","article-title":"Identification of Dynamic Changes in Proteins Associated with the Cellular Cytoskeleton after Exposure to Okadaic Acid","volume":"11","author":"Opsahl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2012.01.010","article-title":"Quantitative proteomic analysis of okadaic acid treated mouse small intestines reveals differentially expressed proteins involved in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.11.021","article-title":"STRIPAK complexes: Structure, biological function, and involvement in human diseases","volume":"47","author":"Hwang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Boil."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merolla, F., Luise, C., Muller, M.T., Pacelli, R., Fusco, A., and Celetti, A. (2012). Loss of CCDC6, the First Identified RET Partner Gene, Affects pH2AX S139 Levels and Accelerates Mitotic Entry upon DNA Damage. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036177"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9666","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku685","article-title":"The yeast prefoldin-like URI-orthologue Bud27 associates with the RSC nucleosome remodeler and modulates transcription","volume":"42","author":"Navarro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.08.010","article-title":"S6K1-Mediated Disassembly of Mitochondrial URI\/PP1\u03b3 Complexes Activates a Negative Feedback Program that Counters S6K1 Survival Signaling","volume":"28","author":"Djouder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900044p","article-title":"Proteomic Analysis Reveals Multiple Patterns of Response in Cells Exposed to a Toxin Mixture","volume":"22","author":"Sala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2017.09.018","article-title":"Whole genome mRNA transcriptomics analysis reveals different modes of action of the diarrheic shellfish poisons okadaic acid and dinophysis toxin-1 versus azaspiracid-1 in Caco-2 cells","volume":"46","author":"Bodero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Vitr."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-019-02489-4","article-title":"Okadaic acid activates Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin-signaling in human HepaRG cells","volume":"93","author":"Dietrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins5112093","article-title":"Oral Toxicity of Okadaic Acid in Mice: Study of Lethality, Organ Damage, Distribution and Effects on Detoxifying Gene Expression","volume":"5","author":"Vieira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2013.03.009","article-title":"The marine toxin okadaic acid induces alterations in the expression level of cancer-related genes in human neuronal cells","volume":"92","author":"Valdiglesias","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2008). Marine biotoxins in shellfish\u2014okadaic acid and analogues-Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain. EFSA J., 6, 589.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2008.589"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopes, V., Costa, P., and Rosa, R. (2019). Effects of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins on Marine Organisms. Ecotoxicology of Marine Organisms, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b22000-4"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.09.002","article-title":"Anatomical distribution of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis","volume":"50","author":"Blanco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.01.009","article-title":"Effects of cooking and heat treatment on concentration and tissue distribution of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-2 in mussels (Mytilus edulis)","volume":"51","author":"McCarron","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blanco, J. (2018). Accumulation of Dinophysis Toxins in Bivalve Molluscs. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10110453"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romero-Geraldo, R.D.J., Garc\u00eda-Lagunas, N., and Hern\u00e1ndez-Saavedra, N.Y. (2014). Effects of In Vitro Exposure to Diarrheic Toxin Producer Prorocentrum lima on Gene Expressions Related to Cell Cycle Regulation and Immune Response in Crassostrea gigas. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097181"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2016.07.011","article-title":"Crassostrea gigas exposure to the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima: Histological and gene expression effects on the digestive gland","volume":"120","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2019.03.006","article-title":"Impacts of the toxic benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima on the brown mussel Perna perna: Shell-valve closure response, immunology, and histopathology","volume":"146","author":"Neves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nielsen, P., Krock, B., Hansen, P.J., and Vismann, B. (2020). Effects of the DSP-toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta on clearance and respiration rate of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230176"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2017.06.009","article-title":"Transcriptional and biochemical analysis of antioxidant enzymes in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis during experimental exposures to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima","volume":"129","author":"Vieira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.03.073","article-title":"Responses of CYP450 in the mussel Perna viridis after short-term exposure to the DSP toxins-producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima","volume":"176","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.08.018","article-title":"Expression profile of eight glutathione S-transferase genes in Crassostrea ariakensis after exposure to DSP toxins producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima","volume":"105","author":"Zou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2014.04.020","article-title":"P-glycoprotein expression in Perna viridis after exposure to Prorocentrum lima, a dinoflagellate producing DSP toxins","volume":"39","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2015.10.012","article-title":"P-glycoprotein and its inducible expression in three bivalve species after exposure to Prorocentrum lima","volume":"169","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8276","DOI":"10.1021\/es102213f","article-title":"Mediterranean Mussel Gene Expression Profile Induced by Okadaic Acid Exposure","volume":"44","author":"Manfrin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chi, C., Giri, S.S., Jun, J.W., Kim, S.W., Kim, H.J., Kang, J.W., and Park, S.C. (2018). Detoxification- and Immune-Related Transcriptomic Analysis of Gills from Bay Scallops (Argopectenirradians) in Response to Algal Toxin Okadaic Acid. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10080308"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46065","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403046200","article-title":"NOX3, a Superoxide-generating NADPH Oxidase of the Inner Ear","volume":"279","author":"Malgrange","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Boil. Chem."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.3.321","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species regulate heat-shock protein 70 via the JAK\/STAT pathway","volume":"21","author":"Madamanchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arter. Thromb. Vasc. Boil."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"e1429","article-title":"Unbiased high-throughput characterization ofmussel transcriptomic responses to sublethal concentrations of the biotoxin okadaic acid","volume":"2015","author":"Mendez","year":"2015","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prego-Faraldo, M.V., Mart\u00ednez, L., and Mendez, J. (2018). RNA-Seq Analysis for Assessing the Early Response to DSP Toxins in Mytilus galloprovincialis Digestive Gland and Gill. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10100417"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2014.12.007","article-title":"Generally detected genes in comparative transcriptomics in bivalves: Toward the identification of molecular markers of cellular stress response","volume":"39","author":"Miao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.110265","article-title":"De novo transcriptome analysis of the mussel Perna viridis after exposure to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima","volume":"192","author":"Dou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2017.07.012","article-title":"Embryotoxic effects of dissolved okadaic acid on the development of Longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana","volume":"190","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.02.008","article-title":"Toxicity to medaka fish embryo development of okadaic acid and crude extracts of Prorocentrum dinoflagellates","volume":"49","author":"Escoffier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"19","article-title":"Toxic Prorocentrum lima induces abnormal behaviour in juvenile sea bass","volume":"20","author":"Ajuzie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Boil. Fishes"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.02.001","article-title":"Does the phycotoxin Okadaic acid cause oxidative stress damages and histological alterations to seabream (Sparus aurata)?","volume":"144","author":"Souid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2020.02.022","article-title":"Impaired fish swimming performance following dietary exposure to the marine phycotoxin okadaic acid","volume":"179","author":"Corriere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2014.02.005","article-title":"Gene expression profiles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver after acute exposure to okadaic acid","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4020(01)96469-5","article-title":"Diarrhetic shellfish toxins","volume":"41","author":"Yasumoto","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.12.038","article-title":"Relevance and challenges in monitoring marine biotoxins in non-bivalve vectors","volume":"76","author":"Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murk, A.J., Nicolas, J., Smulders, F.J., B\u00fcrk, C., and Gerssen, A. (2019). Marine biotoxins: Types of poisoning, underlying mechanisms of action and risk management programmes. ECVPH Food Safety Assurance, Wageningen Academic.","DOI":"10.3920\/978-90-8686-877-3_09"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vilarin\u00f1o, N., Louzao, M.C., Abal, P., Cagide, E., Carrera, C., Vieytes, M.R., and Botana, L.M. (2018). Human Poisoning from Marine Toxins: Unknowns for Optimal Consumer Protection. Toxins, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10080324"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00182-2","article-title":"Direct evidence of transformation of dinophysistoxin-1 to 7-O-acyl-dinophysistoxin-1 (dinophysistoxin-3) in the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis","volume":"37","author":"Suzuki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2840539","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of okadaic acid derivatives on protein phosphatases. A study on structure-affinity relationship","volume":"284","author":"Takai","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.04.002","article-title":"Differential dynamics of dinophysistoxins and pectenotoxins between blue mussel and common cockle: A phenomenon originating from the complex toxin profile of Dinophysis acuta","volume":"44","author":"Vale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.02.003","article-title":"Esterification of okadaic acid in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis","volume":"57","author":"Rossignoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(02)00095-8","article-title":"First confirmation of human diarrhoeic poisonings by okadaic acid esters after ingestion of razor clams (Solen marginatus) and green crabs (Carcinus maenas) in Aveiro lagoon, Portugal and detection of okadaic acid esters in phytoplankton","volume":"40","author":"Vale","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00205-1","article-title":"Comparison of dinophysistoxin-1 and esterified dinophysistoxin-1 (dinophysistoxin-3) contents in the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis","volume":"39","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M800561-MCP200","article-title":"Proteomics Identification of Azaspiracid Toxin Biomarkers in Blue Mussels, Mytilus edulis","volume":"8","author":"Nzoughet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11294","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1613286113","article-title":"2-(m-Azidobenzoyl)taxol binds differentially to distinct \u03b2-tubulin isotypes","volume":"113","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2174\/1573406413666170518154724","article-title":"Uncovering Drug Mechanism of Action by Proteome Wide- Identification of Drug-Binding Proteins","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1021\/tx700031r","article-title":"Protein Targets of Reactive Electrophiles in Human Liver Microsomes","volume":"20","author":"Shin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.03.028","article-title":"Strategy for identifying unknown hemoglobin adducts using adductome LC-MS\/MS data: Identification of adducts corresponding to acrylic acid, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and 1-octen-3-one","volume":"92","author":"Carlsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_106","unstructured":"(2020, June 19). EUR-Lex-32004R0853-EN-EUR-Lex. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX%3A32004R0853."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.5923\/j.fph.20120202.09","article-title":"Domoic Acid, Okadaic Acid and Spirolides: Inter-Species Variability in Contamination and Cooking Effects","volume":"2","author":"Picot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Public Health"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.01.012","article-title":"Effect of the industrial steaming on the toxicity, estimated by LC\u2013MS\/MS, of mussels exposed for a long time to diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins","volume":"177","author":"Blanco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2016.1239032","article-title":"Determination of the toxic variability of lipophilic biotoxins in marine bivalve and gastropod tissues treated with an industrial canning process","volume":"33","author":"Contreras","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam. Part A"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.01.008","article-title":"In vitro bioaccessibility of the marine biotoxin okadaic acid in shellfish","volume":"89","author":"Braga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_111","unstructured":"(2020, June 19). EUR-Lex-32011R0015-EN-EUR-Lex. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2011\/15\/oj."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2010.11.001","article-title":"Analysis of the passage of the marine biotoxin okadaic acid through an in vitro human gut barrier","volume":"279","author":"Ehlers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4664","article-title":"Analysis of the allergenic proteins in black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and characterization of the major allergen tropomyosin using mass spectrometry","volume":"24","author":"Rahman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.04.008","article-title":"Seafood allergy: A comprehensive review of fish and shellfish allergens","volume":"100","author":"Ruethers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4958","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200401328","article-title":"Proteome modifications of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) gills as an effect of water pollution","volume":"5","author":"Manduzio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidal, A., Ruiz, Y., Suarez, P., Martinez, A.A., Rossignoli, A.E., Blanco, J., Garcia, O., and Juan, F.S. (2013). Accumulation of Okadaic Acid and Detoxifying Enzymes in the Digestive Gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis during Exposure to DSP. Molluscan Shellfish Safety, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6588-7_19"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, T., Curtis, J.M., Walter, J.A., and Wright, J.L. (1995). Identification of DTX-4, a new water-soluble phosphatase inhibitor from the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 597.","DOI":"10.1039\/c39950000597"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.03.005","article-title":"DTX5c, a new OA sulphate ester derivative from cultures of Prorocentrum belizeanum","volume":"47","author":"Cruz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2017.01.012","article-title":"Sulfated diesters of okadaic acid and DTX-1: Self-protective precursors of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins","volume":"63","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9273","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-4039(95)02010-M","article-title":"Two new water-soluble dsp toxin derivatives from the dinoflagellate prorocentrum maculosum: Possible storage and excretion products","volume":"36","author":"Hu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90034-3","article-title":"Detection of new 7-O-acyl derivatives of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"30","author":"Marr","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3390\/md11020300","article-title":"In Vitro Acylation of Okadaic Acid in the Presence of Various Bivalves\u2019 Extracts","volume":"11","author":"Konoki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"45","article-title":"Comparative genomics and proteomics of vertebrate diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), acyl CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase (AWAT) and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT)","volume":"5","author":"Holmes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part D Genom. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.06.010","article-title":"Profiles and levels of fatty acid esters of okadaic acid group toxins and pectenotoxins during toxin depuration, Part I: Brown crab (Cancer pagurus)","volume":"52","author":"Torgersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.06.072","article-title":"Detailed profiles of 7-O-acyl esters in plankton and shellfish from the Portuguese coast","volume":"1128","author":"Vale","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2019). Blanco; Ar\u00e9valo; Correa; Moro\u00f1o Lipophilic Toxins in Galicia (NW Spain) between 2014 and 2017: Incidence on the Main Molluscan Species and Analysis of the Monitoring Efficiency. Toxins, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11100612"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2015.12.022","article-title":"Growth, biochemical profile, and fatty acid composition of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk.) cultured in the open ocean of the Bay of Biscay (northern Spain)","volume":"454","author":"Azpeitia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2012.06.003","article-title":"Biochemical composition, lipid classes, fatty acids and sexual hormones in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from cultivated populations in south Spain","volume":"358","author":"Martinez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2010.11.036","article-title":"Screening of lipophilic marine toxins in shellfish and algae: Development of a library using liquid chromatography coupled to orbitrap mass spectrometry","volume":"685","author":"Gerssen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3490","article-title":"Characterization of fatty acid esters of okadaic acid and related toxins in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from Norway","volume":"22","author":"Torgersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2019.1569265","article-title":"Inter-species variability of okadaic acid group toxicity in relation to the content of fatty acids detected in different marine vectors","volume":"36","author":"Contreras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam. Part A"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2983\/035.028.0213","article-title":"Differential Retention of Okadaic Acid (OA) Group Toxins and Pectenotoxins (PTX) in the Blue Mussel, Mytilus edulis(L.), and European Flat Oyster, Ostrea edulis(L.)","volume":"28","author":"Lindegarth","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Shellfish. Res."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2014.10.022","article-title":"The phycotoxins\u05f3 impact on the revenue of the Portuguese artisanal dredge fleet","volume":"52","author":"Camanho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Policy"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2019.03.008","article-title":"Targeted UPLC-MS\/MS high-throughput metabolomics approach to assess the purine and pyrimidine metabolism","volume":"1113","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2010.02.011","article-title":"The discovery and development of proteomic safety biomarkers for the detection of drug-induced liver toxicity","volume":"245","author":"Amacher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12741","DOI":"10.3390\/s120912741","article-title":"Effect-Based Tools for Monitoring and Predicting the Ecotoxicological Effects of Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment","volume":"12","author":"Connon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"1","article-title":"Live-single-cell phenotypic cancer biomarkers-future role in precision oncology?","volume":"1","author":"Sant","year":"2017","journal-title":"NPJ Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_138","unstructured":"Mar\u00eda, V.P.F. (2016). Assessment of the Early Effects of the Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Using Cellular and Molecular Biomarkers. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universidade da Coru\u00f1a]."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2006.08.007","article-title":"Development of mussel mRNA profiling: Can gene expression trends reveal coastal water pollution?","volume":"602","author":"Venier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Mol. Mech. Mutagen."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2017.03.031","article-title":"Effects of algal toxin okadaic acid on the non-specific immune and antioxidant response of bay scallop (Argopecten irradians)","volume":"65","author":"Chi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chi, C., Giri, S.S., Jun, J.W., Kim, H.J., Yun, S., Kim, S.G., and Park, S.C. (2016). Marine Toxin Okadaic Acid Affects the Immune Function of Bay Scallop (Argopecten irradians). Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21091108"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/ncponc0469","article-title":"Protein biomarker signatures for accurate diagnosis of urothelial cancer","volume":"3","author":"Matthews","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pr. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.05.003","article-title":"Up-regulation of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses in Perna viridis after exposed to Prorocentrum lima","volume":"90","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."}],"container-title":["Toxins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/12\/8\/493\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:53:24Z","timestamp":1760176404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/12\/8\/493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["toxins12080493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins12080493","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]}}}