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We ascribed the pathogenicity of these organisms to the excretory\/secretory products (ESP) released by the infective nematode. Our group characterized different virulence factors produced by Steinernema carpocapsae that underlie its success as an insect pathogen. A novel ShK-like peptide (ScK1) from this nematode that presents high sequence similarity with the ShK peptide from a sea anemone was successfully produced recombinantly in Escherichia coli. The secondary structure of ScK1 appeared redox-sensitive, exhibiting a far-UV circular dichroism spectrum consistent with an alpha-helical secondary structure. Thermal denaturation of the ScK1 allowed estimating the melting temperature to 59.2 \u00b1 0.1 \u00b0C. The results from toxicity assays using Drosophila melanogaster as a model show that injection of this peptide can kill insects in a dose-dependent manner with an LD50 of 16.9 \u00b5M per adult within 24 h. Oral administration of the fusion protein significantly reduced the locomotor activity of insects after 48 h (p &lt; 0.05, Tukey\u2019s test). These data show that this nematode expresses insecticidal peptides with potential as next-generation insecticides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T04:11:31Z","timestamp":1667448691000},"page":"754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A ShK-like Domain from Steinernema carpocapsae with Bioinsecticidal Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1373-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Frias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, A\u00e7ores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Duarte","family":"Toubarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, A\u00e7ores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gro Elin Kj\u00e6reng","family":"Bjerga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nyg\u00e5rdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0093-7816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Puntervoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nyg\u00e5rdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5244-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o B.","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da Rep\u00fablica (EAN), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4295-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui L.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, A\u00e7ores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1006\/jipa.1999.4899","article-title":"Pathogenicity Caused by High Virulent and Low Virulent Strains of Steinernema carpocapsae to Galleria mellonella","volume":"75","author":"Caldas","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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