{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T21:05:45Z","timestamp":1773522345093,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The high percentage of treatment failures seen in patients with bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis (BPS\/IC) managed conservatively frequently demands invasive treatment options. We aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and adverse events of intratrigonal botulinum toxin injection in such circumstances, as well as to determine possible predictors of response to toxin treatment. A retrospective cohort study included 47 female BPS\/IC patients treated with onabotulinum toxin A (OnabotA) in a tertiary hospital between the years 2009 and 2022. All patients received 100 U of OnabotA in ten injections limited to the trigonal area. Patients were divided into three groups based on their treatment response as responders, non-responders and lost to follow-up due to non-medical reasons. The clinical and surgical records of the individuals were retrieved, including the 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS), the number of treatments, the time between injections, and the age at the first injection. A total of 25 patients (&gt;50% of the cohort) were long-term responders, but none of the evaluated parameters was a predictor for this circumstance: age, pain intensity, or duration of improvement following the injection. The time between injections was stable (around 1 year). No severe adverse events were registered. The intratrigonal injection of botulinum toxin in patients with BPS\/IC was an effective and safe long-term treatment for patients\u2019 refractory to conservative forms of treatment. Age, basal pain intensity, and time to injection request did not predict long-term response to OnaBotA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T02:11:15Z","timestamp":1668046275000},"page":"775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of Intratrigonal Botulinum Toxin in Patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis: A Long-Term, Single-Center Study in Real-Life Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4304-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Abreu-Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Universitary Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6070-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Ferr\u00e3o-Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Universitary Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4551-514X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Universitary Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Universitary Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.09.019","article-title":"Diagnostic Criteria, Classification, and Nomenclature for Painful Bladder Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis: An ESSIC Proposal","volume":"53","author":"Nordling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. 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