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constitute a significant risk in staple foods produced in African countries. This research aimed to analyze the total aflatoxin (AFT) contamination of various staple foods in Angola and Mozambique. A total of 233 samples of corn, peanuts, beans, rice, and cassava flour collected from farmers or local markets from the province of Cuanza Sul, Angola, and the provinces of Gaza and Inhambane, South Mozambique, were analyzed for the presence of AFT using the lateral flow strip method via AgraStrip\u00ae Pro WATEX\u00ae (Romer). The results showed that, from all matrices, the highest incidence and level of AFT were found in corn produced in Mozambique, with medians ranging from 6.5 to 66.5 \u00b5g\/kg, with the samples showing values as high as 9200 \u00b5g\/kg. Levels higher than the maximum admissible levels recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for cereals and pulses (15 \u00b5g\/kg) were observed in up to 90% of the corn samples, depending on the province. Corn produced in Angola showed lower amounts of AFT, with medians ranging from 1.2 to 7.7 \u00b5g\/kg. Considering the maximum admissible levels for AFT recommended by the European Commission and the Codex Alimentarius Commission for cereals and pulses, the level of AFT contamination in staple food produced and consumed in the studied provinces is high and constitutes a public health risk for the population. Therefore, risk mitigation strategies are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16120516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T08:24:14Z","timestamp":1732868654000},"page":"516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Aflatoxin Contamination of Various Staple Foods from Angola and Mozambique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio","family":"Matusse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, College of Business and Entrepreneurship of Chibuto, UEM-Eduardo Mondlane University, Gaza 1200, Mozambique"},{"name":"University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Zelda","family":"Lucamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior Polit\u00e9cnico de Cuanza Sul, Rua 12 de Novembro, Sumbe, Cuanza Sul CP 82, Angola"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3035-2544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Bila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, UEM-Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo 1102, Mozambique"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Agri-Food Systems and Nutrition (CE-AFSN), UEM-Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo 1102, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Cust\u00f3dia","family":"Macuamule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, UEM-Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo 1102, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7989-0779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado Instituto Para a Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, Capacita\u00e7\u00e3o e Sustentabilidade da Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Agroalimentar (Inov4Agro), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior Polit\u00e9cnico de Cuanza Sul, Rua 12 de Novembro, Sumbe, Cuanza Sul CP 82, Angola"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica, Rua Avenida Ho Chi Minh, 201, Maianga, Luanda CP 34, Angola"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0723-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"Ven\u00e2ncio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS\u2014Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3789-2730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2019.1658570","article-title":"Worldwide contamination of food-crops with mycotoxins: Validity of the widely cited \u2018FAO estimate\u2019 of 25%","volume":"60","author":"Eskola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. 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