{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:31:23Z","timestamp":1766158283913,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]],"date-time":"2019-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CESAP, CRL \u2013 Project OPO\u2019Arch Formal Methods \u2013 Program NORTE2020","award":["NORTE-01-0246-FEDER-000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0246-FEDER-000013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urban Science"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The article delves into the potential application of space syntax methodology to landscape architecture. Anticipating the complexity of the landscape architectural design process, the use of 3D space syntax analysis made it possible to better understand the relations between urban space shapes and their functions. The application of an iterative process of project improvement optimizes the fulfilment of the landscape architect vision, through changes in ground shaping, selection of tree species and their spatial distribution. This article explores the vegetation attributes of vegetation that are necessary to consider in landscape architecture projects in the context of the DepthSpace 3D software, using the case study of an urban park in Maia\u2014Portugal. To achieve this, it was necessary to define the attributes to be inserted in the software. The main attributes of vegetation that can be employed in landscape architecture projects are form and dimension, growth speed, and visual permeability (opacity) of the crown in winter and summer. The software proved itself a useful tool, not only in studying and evaluating the effects of the final design, but also during project development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/urbansci3010020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T03:03:05Z","timestamp":1549422185000},"page":"20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["3D Space Syntax Analysis: Attributes to Be Applied in Landscape Architecture Projects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Ascens\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture (CIFAP), Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6012-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO InBio)\/Landscape Planning, Design and Management Research group (LPDM), 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Franklim","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior Art\u00edstica do Porto, 4050-545 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Ruivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Architecture, Urbanism and Design (CIAUD), Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa 1349-063 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hillier, B., and Hanson, J. (1984). The Social Logic of Space, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511597237"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916502238863","article-title":"Space Syntax: A brief introduction to its logic and analytical techniques","volume":"35","author":"Bafna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Alagamy, S.F., Al-Hagla, K., Anany, Y., and Raslan, R. (2018). An integrated approach for analysing connectivity in atria. Alex. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1068\/b060047","article-title":"To Take Hold of Space: Isovists and Isovist Fields","volume":"6","author":"Benedikt","year":"1979","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. B Plan. 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