{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:11:06Z","timestamp":1767967866467,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Multiannual Funding of the Laboratory of Landscapes, Heritage and Territory (Lab2PT)","award":["UIP\/04509\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIP\/04509\/2020"]}]},{"name":"national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT\/Q3 MCTES","award":["UIP\/04509\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIP\/04509\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urban Science"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The urban microclimate of Avenida dos Aliados and Pra\u00e7a da Liberdade was subjected to comprehensive examination through twelve measurement campaigns at six strategic observation points over the course of two seasons, namely summer and winter, between 2019 and 2020. The study employed an objective approach based on measurements to evaluate key microclimatic factors, including air temperature, which ranged from 15 \u00b0C in winter to a peak of 38 \u00b0C in summer, and Relative Humidity (RH), which varied from 50% to 85%. Additionally, wind speed was recorded between 1.0 m\/s and 2.5 m\/s, along with solar radiation levels, which significantly impacted Surface Temperatures (Tsurf), reaching up to 38.0 \u00b0C in some areas. A parallel subjective survey questionnaire was conducted with 123 participants. In particular, the preference for shaded areas was highlighted through a thermal sensation map, with some places in Pra\u00e7a da Liberdade being a favored spot during summer due to its vegetation and lower Tsurf. The study identified solar exposure, wind patterns, and Tsurf as the key determinants of thermal comfort. It is noteworthy that shaded areas, particularly those with a substantial amount of greenery, were found to alleviate discomfort from the heat, thereby making them the preferred choice for pedestrians. Furthermore, the study underscored the significance of incorporating adaptive elements, such as greenery, shading structures, and ventilation corridors, into urban design to enhance comfort across different seasons. Results contribute with valuable insights for urban planners. The data indicate that urban design should prioritize the inclusion of pedestrian-friendly elements, such as shaded walkways and seating areas, to promote the active use of public spaces. This approach is particularly relevant in the context of climate change, where seasonal variations and increasing temperatures may exacerbate discomfort in urban environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/urbansci9020038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T09:02:42Z","timestamp":1738918962000},"page":"38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sustainable Placemaking and Thermal Comfort Conditions in Urban Spaces: The Case Study of Avenida dos Aliados and Pra\u00e7a da Liberdade (Porto, Portugal)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2931-5175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lder Silva","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Landscape, Heritage and Territory (Lab2PT), Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory (IN2PAST), Department of Geography, Intitute of Social Sciences (ICS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"IdRA\u2014Climatology Group, Department of Geography\/FGH, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9445-5465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula C.","family":"Remoaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Landscape, Heritage and Territory (Lab2PT), Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory (IN2PAST), Department of Geography, Intitute of Social Sciences (ICS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2777-2372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo Guedes","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology\u2014Science for People and the Planet (CFE), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences (DCV), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Social Sciences and Management, Universidade Aberta, 1250-100 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Landscape, Heritage and Territory (Lab2PT), Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory (IN2PAST), Department of Geography, Intitute of Social Sciences (ICS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0199-8664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edgia Torres","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction (CTAC), School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1179-7380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Mart\u00edn-Vide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IdRA\u2014Climatology Group, Department of Geography\/FGH, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Whyte, W.H. 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