{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T02:21:58Z","timestamp":1778811718382,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,7]],"date-time":"2019-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/128752\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/128752\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF\/00376\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/00376\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01 A1080607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 A1080607"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myxomatosis is a lethal disease in wild European and domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), which is caused by a Myxoma virus (MYXV) infection\u2014a leporipoxvirus that is found naturally in some Sylvilagus rabbit species in South America and California. The introduction of MYXV into feral European rabbit populations of Australia and Europe, in the early 1950s, demonstrated the best-documented field example of host\u2013virus coevolution, following a cross-species transmission. Recently, a new cross-species jump of MYXV has been suggested in both Great Britain and Spain, where European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) and Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) were found dead with lesions consistent with those observed in myxomatosis. To investigate the possibility of a new cross-species transmission event by MYXV, tissue samples collected from a wild Iberian hare found dead in Spain (Toledo region) were analyzed and deep sequenced. Our results reported a new MYXV isolate (MYXV Toledo) in the tissues of this species. The genome of this new virus was found to encode three disruptive genes (M009L, M036L, and M152R) and a novel ~2.8 kb recombinant region, which resulted from an insertion of four novel poxviral genes towards the 3\u2019 end of the negative strand of its genome. From the open reading frames inserted into the MYXV Toledo virus, a new orthologue of a poxvirus host range gene family member was identified, which was related to the MYXV gene M064R. Overall, we confirmed the identity of a new MYXV isolate in Iberian hares, which, we hypothesized, was able to more effectively counteract the host defenses in hares and start an infectious process in this new host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11060530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,7]],"date-time":"2019-06-07T05:25:56Z","timestamp":1559885156000},"page":"530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Genetic Characterization of a Recombinant Myxoma Virus in the Iberian Hare (Lepus granatensis)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6223-9330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"\u00c1gueda-Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBio\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Lemos de Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Kraberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine and School of Life sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0012-4006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Risalde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. de Anatom\u00eda y Anatom\u00eda Patol\u00f3gica Comparadas, Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba, Agrifood Excellence International Campus (ceiA3), 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gort\u00e1zar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Recursos Cineg\u00e9ticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo, 28005 Ciudad Real, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2556-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant","family":"McFadden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4111-2415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arvind","family":"Varsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine and School of Life sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"},{"name":"Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6055-8298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro J.","family":"Esteves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBio\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CITS\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias da Sa\u00fade, IPSN, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fenner, F., and Ratcliffe, F.N. 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