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Although all strains associated with worldwide outbreaks derive from the Asian lineage, the reasons for their enhanced spread and severity are not fully understood. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of miRNAs (miRNA-155\/146a\/124) and their cellular targets (SOCS1\/3, SHP1, TRAF6, IRAK1), as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory and anti-viral cytokines (IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, IFN-\u03b3, IL-10, and IFN-\u03b2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3 (PPAR-\u03b3) expression in BV2 microglia cells infected with ZIKV strains derived from African and Asian lineages (ZIKVMR766 and ZIKVPE243). BV2 cells were susceptible to both ZIKV strains, and showed discrete levels of viral replication, with delayed release of viral particles without inducing significant cytopathogenic effects. However, the ZIKVMR766 strain showed higher infectivity and replicative capacity, inducing a higher expression of microglial activation markers than the ZIKVPE243 strain. Moreover, infection with the ZIKVMR766 strain promoted both a higher inflammatory response and a lower expression of anti-viral factors compared to the ZIKVPE243 strain. Remarkably, the ZIKKPE243 strain induced significantly higher levels of the anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor\u2014PPAR-\u03b3. These findings improve our understanding of ZIKV-mediated modulation of inflammatory and anti-viral innate immune responses and open a new avenue to explore underlining mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ZIKV-associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15061250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T16:10:53Z","timestamp":1685203853000},"page":"1250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["ZIKV Strains Elicit Different Inflammatory and Anti-Viral Responses in Microglia Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Fernanda Bellaniza Caminha de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Paola Alves Sampaio de S\u00e1","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0794-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharton Vinicius Antunes","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Gen\u00e9tica e Imunologia das Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Virais, Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Lana Monteiro","family":"Meuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Gen\u00e9tica e Imunologia das Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Virais, Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Julys da Fonseca","family":"Palmeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5145-4561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Lu\u00edsa","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco de Assis Rocha","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Bergmann Morais","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bacuolovirus, Cell Biology Department, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Adolfo","family":"Arga\u00f1araz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7011-7197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana Barros de","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Gen\u00e9tica e Imunologia das Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Virais, Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4359-7594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique Roberto","family":"Arga\u00f1araz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400025997","article-title":"Zika Virus Infections in Nigeria: Virological and Seroepidemiological Investigations in Oyo State","volume":"83","author":"Fagbami","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. 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