{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T14:56:15Z","timestamp":1763564175201,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010653","name":"Masaryk University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MUNI\/A\/1608\/2020","MUNI\/IGA\/1543\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MUNI\/A\/1608\/2020","MUNI\/IGA\/1543\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministry of Education Youth and Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LTC20031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LTC20031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: young adults represent a critical target for mass-vaccination strategies of COVID-19 that aim to achieve herd immunity. Healthcare students, including dental students, are perceived as the upper echelon of health literacy; therefore, their health-related beliefs, attitudes and behaviors influence their peers and communities. The main aim of this study was to synthesize a data-driven model for the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine willingness among dental students. Methods: a secondary analysis of data extracted from a recently conducted multi-center and multi-national cross-sectional study of dental students\u2019 attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in 22 countries was carried out utilizing decision tree and regression analyses. Based on previous literature, a proposed conceptual model was developed and tested through a machine learning approach to elicit factors related to dental students\u2019 willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine. Results: machine learning analysis suggested five important predictors of COVID-19 vaccination willingness among dental students globally, i.e., the economic level of the country where the student lives and studies, the individual\u2019s trust of the pharmaceutical industry, the individual\u2019s misconception of natural immunity, the individual\u2019s belief of vaccines risk-benefit-ratio, and the individual\u2019s attitudes toward novel vaccines. Conclusions: according to the socio-ecological theory, the country\u2019s economic level was the only contextual predictor, while the rest were individual predictors. Future research is recommended to be designed in a longitudinal fashion to facilitate evaluating the proposed model. The interventions of controlling vaccine hesitancy among the youth population may benefit from improving their views of the risk-benefit ratio of COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, healthcare students, including dental students, will likely benefit from increasing their awareness of immunization and infectious diseases through curricular amendments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9101158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T01:59:47Z","timestamp":1633917587000},"page":"1158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Universal Predictors of Dental Students\u2019 Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination: Machine Learning-Based Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5918-8966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abanoub","family":"Riad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4194-2611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute for Research of Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6677-0276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huthaifa","family":"Abdulqader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2402-2277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Morgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7153-5411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvi","family":"Domnori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9243-6391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Ko\u0161\u010d\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0167-4077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Jo\u00e3o","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2804-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miloslav","family":"Klugar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-3257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elham","family":"Kateeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 510 00, Palestine"},{"name":"Public Health Committee, World Dental Federation (FDI), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland"}]},{"name":"IADS-SCORE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"D\u2019souza, G., and Dowdy, D. 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