{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T07:40:12Z","timestamp":1765438812718,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The close contact between humans and domestic cats raises concerns about the potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Thus, this study aims to investigate anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in client-owned cats from Portugal and evaluate the infection risk of cats that maintain contact with human COVID-19 cases. A total of 176 cats, belonging to 94 households, were sampled. Cat owners answered an online questionnaire, and cats were screened for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a commercial ELISA. Twenty (21.3%) households reported at least one confirmed human COVID-19 case. Forty cats (22.7%) belonged to a COVID-19-positive and 136 (77.3%) to a COVID-19-negative household. The seroprevalences of cats from COVID-19-positive and -negative households were 5.0% (2\/40) and 0.7% (1\/136). The two SARS-CoV-2-seropositive cats from COVID-19-positive households had an indoor lifestyle, and their owners stated that they maintained a close and frequent contact with them, even after being diagnosed with COVID-19, pointing towards human-to-cat transmission. The SARS-CoV-2-seropositive cat from the COVID-19-negative household had a mixed indoor\/outdoor lifestyle and chronic diseases. Owners of the three SARS-CoV-2-seropositive cats did not notice clinical signs or behavior changes. This study highlights the low risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from COVID-19-positive human household members to domestic cats, even in a context of close and frequent human\u2013animal contact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9070363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T01:53:22Z","timestamp":1658109202000},"page":"363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Client-Owned Cats from Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Andreia","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Ponte de Lima, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, 4990-706 Ponte de Lima, Portugal"},{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio de Gaia, 4415-369 Pedroso, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4054-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Aires","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viseu, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Viseu, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal"},{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1236-3012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa Letra","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISAS-Center for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"EpiUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8769-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o R.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS\u2014Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6829-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Vala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viseu, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Viseu, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal"},{"name":"CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108693","article-title":"Novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A lesson from animal coronaviruses","volume":"244","author":"Decaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. 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