{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T01:25:29Z","timestamp":1776734729955,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Current regulations and legislation require critical revision to determine safety for alternative water sources and water reuse as part of the solution to global water crisis. In order to fulfill those demands, Lisbon municipality decided to start water reuse as part of a sustainable hydric resources management, and there was a need to confirm safety and safeguard for public health for its use in this context. For this purpose, a study was designed that included a total of 88 samples collected from drinking, superficial, underground water, and wastewater at three different treatment stages. Quantitative Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection (qPCR) of enteric viruses Norovirus (NoV) genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) and Hepatitis A (HepA) was performed, and also FIB (E. coli, enterococci and fecal coliforms) concentrations were assessed. HepA virus was only detected in one untreated influent sample, whereas NoV GI\/ NoV GI were detected in untreated wastewater (100\/100%), secondary treated effluent (47\/73%), and tertiary treated effluent (33\/20%). Our study proposes that NoV GI and GII should be further studied to provide the support that they may be suitable indicators for water quality monitoring targeting wastewater treatment efficiency, regardless of the level of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w12020544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T04:18:29Z","timestamp":1582690709000},"page":"544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Quantitative PCR Detection of Enteric Viruses in Wastewater and Environmental Water Sources by the Lisbon Municipality: A Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1839-1735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e2mara Municipal de Lisboa, Direc\u00e7\u00e3o Municipal do Ambiente, Estrutura Verde, Clima e Energia, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e \u00c1guas, Avenida Cidade do Porto S\/N-1700-111 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e2mara Municipal de Lisboa, Direc\u00e7\u00e3o Municipal do Ambiente, Estrutura Verde, Clima e Energia, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e \u00c1guas, Avenida Cidade do Porto S\/N-1700-111 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e2mara Municipal de Lisboa, Direc\u00e7\u00e3o Municipal do Ambiente, Estrutura Verde, Clima e Energia, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e \u00c1guas, Avenida Cidade do Porto S\/N-1700-111 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2524-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisabete","family":"Val\u00e9rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-005-7905-4","article-title":"Microbial Indicators of Faecal Contamination in Water: A Current Perspective","volume":"166","author":"Tallon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water. 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