{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T22:47:38Z","timestamp":1774306058012,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PT2020 UID\/QUI\/50006\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2020 UID\/QUI\/50006\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002924","name":"FEDER","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI\/01\/0145\/FEDER\/007265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI\/01\/0145\/FEDER\/007265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011929","name":"COMPETE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011929","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peri-urban areas are territories that combine urban and rural features, being particularly vulnerable to wildfire due to the contact between human infrastructures and dense vegetation. Wildfires may cause considerable direct and indirect effects on the local water cycle, but the influence on groundwater quality is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemistry of several springs connected to small public supply systems in a peri-urban area, following a large wildfire that took place in October 2017. Groundwater samples were collected in four springs that emerged within burned forests, while control samples were from one spring located in an unburned area. Sampling took place from October 2017 until September 2018, starting 15 days after the wildfire occurrence, to evaluate the influence of the time after fire and the effect of precipitation events on groundwater composition. Groundwater samples collected in burned areas presented increased content of sulfate, fluoride and nitrogen and variability in pH values. Iron, manganese and chromium contents also increased during the sampling period. Post-fire concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mainly the carcinogenic ones, increased especially after intense winter and spring rain events, but the levels did not exceed the guideline values for drinking water.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w12041146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T05:48:52Z","timestamp":1587448132000},"page":"1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Wildfire Effects on Groundwater Quality from Springs Connected to Small Public Supply Systems in a Peri-Urban Forest Area (Braga Region, NW Portugal)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Mansilha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Department of Environmental Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Pra\u00e7a do Cel. Pacheco 42, 4050-083 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9153-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armindo","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Department of Environmental Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Pra\u00e7a do Cel. Pacheco 42, 4050-083 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1024-4792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zita E.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Science, Food Science Laboratory and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel M. P. L. V. O.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Science, Food Science Laboratory and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Department of Environmental Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Espinha Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences and Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799208901900","article-title":"Management of Wildfires with a Geographical Information-System","volume":"6","author":"Chou","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Geogr. Inf. 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