{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:57:29Z","timestamp":1760144249754,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this article is to deepen knowledge about the existing connections, at the level of urban environments, between energy, water, and nutrients (or food). Energy and basic resources\u2014water and food\u2014are closely interconnected, which is why the water\u2013energy\u2013food nexus constitutes the essential integrated approach to ensuring the sustainable development of humanity. This nexus is also valid in urban environments and can be adapted for buildings, interconnecting, in this case, water, energy, and nutrients. This article is a literature review in this area, intending to highlight the strong connections between water, energy, and nutrients at the level of buildings, integrating the results obtained in different studies and showing the global importance of this nexus. The water\u2013energy relationship in buildings is already well known in terms of the production of domestic hot water or building pumping, for example, but it turns out that it goes far beyond this interrelationship, also having implications for public networks. Regarding the water\u2013nutrients nexus in urban environments, it can play an important role in terms of food security for humanity, especially regarding the possibility of recovering phosphorus in buildings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w16060904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T04:34:46Z","timestamp":1710995686000},"page":"904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Water\u2013Energy\u2013Nutrients Nexus of Urban Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1896-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"Silva-Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO\u2014Research Center for Risks and Sustainability in Construction, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"WFEO\u2014World Federation Engineering Organization (Committee on Water), Maison de l\u2019Unesco, 1, rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"ANQIP\u2014National Association for Quality in Buildings Services, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2488-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Pimentel-Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO\u2014Research Center for Risks and Sustainability in Construction, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"ANQIP\u2014National Association for Quality in Buildings Services, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"ISCIA\u2014Higher Institute of Information and Administration Sciences, 3810-488 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seko, K., Solecki, W., and Griffith, C. 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