{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:26:15Z","timestamp":1760243175815,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,11]],"date-time":"2015-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["SFRH\/BD\/68293\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/68293\/2010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The dynamic interaction between the unsteady flow occurrence and the  resulting vibration of the pipe are analyzed based on experiments and numerical models. Waterhammer, structural dynamic and fluid\u2013structure interaction (FSI) are the main subjects dealt with in this study. Firstly, a 1D model is developed based on the method of characteristics (MOC) using specific damping coefficients for initial components associated with rheological pipe material behavior, structural and fluid deformation, and type of anchored structural supports. Secondly a 3D coupled complex model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), using a Finite Element Method (FEM), is also applied to predict and distinguish the FSI events. Herein, a specific hydrodynamic model of viscosity to replicate the operation of a valve was also developed to minimize the number of mesh elements and the complexity of the system. The importance of integrated analysis of fluid\u2013structure interaction, especially in non-rigidity anchored pipe systems, is equally emphasized. The developed models are validated through experimental tests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w7116321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,12]],"date-time":"2015-11-12T03:46:55Z","timestamp":1447300015000},"page":"6321-6350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Mechanical Interaction in Pressurized Pipe Systems: Experiments and Numerical Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1783-543X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Sim\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CEris) of the Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georesources, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST),  Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Mora-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geomatics and Hydraulic Engineering Department, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36094, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9028-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CEris) of the Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georesources, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico (IST),  Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bathe, K.J., Wilson, E.L., and Peterson, F.E. 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