{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T04:22:27Z","timestamp":1774498947107,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using the bioenergy crop Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) as vegetation and mineral wastes for filling in constructed wetlands (CWs) designed for the removal of nutrients from wastewater. Four horizontal subsurface flow pilot-scale CWs were monitored during one year: two filled with fragmented limestone and two with clay brick fragments, two planted and two unplanted controls. Sugarcane stalk height, diameter and foliar area were evaluated during the plant-cane cycle along with total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies from the wastewater. Sugarcane biomass production was 107 ton\/ha for the brick fragments filled CW and 67 ton\/ha for the fragmented limestone filled CW. Planted CWs show better nutrient removal efficiencies than the unplanted. Planted CW filled with brick fragments show average efficiencies of 77% \u00b1 4% for TP and 60% \u00b1 12% for TN, and planted CW filled with fragmented limestone 68% \u00b1 3% for TP and 58% \u00b1 7% for TN. Results showed that the use of sugarcane as CW vegetation is a viable alternative to produce a bioethanol raw-material without the use of arable land and irrigation water, while it maintains the wastewater treatment capabilities of CWs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w8030093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T10:53:48Z","timestamp":1457607228000},"page":"93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Potential Growth of Sugarcane in Constructed Wetlands Designed for Tertiary Treatment of Wastewater"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-3384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dina","family":"Mateus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Departmental Unit, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Tomar, Campus da Quinta do Contador, Estrada da Serra, 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal"},{"name":"GEOBIOTEC\u2014GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mafalda","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Planning, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6757-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Capela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Planning, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"CESAM\u2014Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1344-6517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Departmental Unit, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Tomar, Campus da Quinta do Contador, Estrada da Serra, 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal"},{"name":"CERENA\u2014Centre for Natural Resources and Environment, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2007.11.001","article-title":"Progress in bioethanol processing","volume":"34","author":"Balat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Energ. Combust."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.08.092","article-title":"Extension of energy crops on surplus agricultural lands: A potentially viable option in developing countries while fossil fuels reserves are diminishing","volume":"29","author":"Rahman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.08.022","article-title":"An overview of biofuels from energy crops: Current status and future prospects","volume":"28","year":"2013","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. 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