{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T02:11:04Z","timestamp":1773799864154,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERA-MIN3\/0002\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERA-MIN3\/0002\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Waste"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Concrete waste recycling processes involve multiple stages, equipment, and procedures which produce Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates (FRCA) for use in construction. This research aims at performing a comprehensive overview of the recycling technologies, recycling processes, and normative requirements to produce high-quality FRCA and to investigate the influence of these processes on their physical properties. The properties investigated were the particle size distribution (PSD), water absorption, oven-dry density, and adhered paste. The correlations between these properties were also investigated. The results indicate that the recycling processes with the highest potential for producing high-quality aggregates demand jaw crusher and impact crusher combinations. These processes are better suited for achieving FRCA with the desired particle size distribution and oven-dry density. However, water absorption and adhered paste, which are critical factors for obtaining high-quality FRCA, seem to be more dependent on the original material than on the recycling process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/waste2020008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T04:37:27Z","timestamp":1712637447000},"page":"136-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of Recycling Processes on Properties of Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates (FRCA): An Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1700-058X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Kloeckner","family":"Sbardelotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Civil (PGECiv), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, km 380, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Karyne Ferreira","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sustainable Construction Materials Association (C5Lab), Edif\u00edcio Central Park, Rua Central Park 6, 2795-242 Linda-a-Velha, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7116-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel Milagre","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Berenice Martins","family":"Toralles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Civil (PGECiv), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, km 380, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2930-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Gomes","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3445-9683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Braz\u00e3o Farinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Sustainable Construction Materials Association (C5Lab), Edif\u00edcio Central Park, Rua Central Park 6, 2795-242 Linda-a-Velha, Portugal"},{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kuramochi, T., Chan, S., Smit, S., Deneault, A., and Pelekh, N. (2022). Global Climate Action 2022: How Have International Initiatives Delivered, and What More Is Possible?, Radboud University. Available online: https:\/\/newclimate.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-11\/NewClimate_GCA2022_Initiatives_Nov22.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2021.102196","article-title":"Use of fine recycled concrete aggregates in concrete: A critical review","volume":"38","author":"Visser","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Build. Eng."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"UNEP (2019). Sand and Sustainability: Finding New Solutions for Environmental Governance of Global Sand Resources, United Nations Environment Programme. 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