{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T07:48:34Z","timestamp":1769240914185,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/DTP\/-SAP\/0859\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/DTP\/-SAP\/0859\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonotic Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Phlebotomine sandflies are important vectors of Leishmania spp. and phleboviruses causing disease in animals and humans. Morphological identification of phlebotomine sandflies to the species level is challenging, requiring microscopical examination of the genitalia, which is demanding and time consuming. Molecular sandfly species identification can be a practical solution to save resources since it enables further molecular studies capable of generating data, such as biting preferences by blood meal analysis. In this study, resorting to a sandfly dataset collected between 2014 and 2018 across Portuguese territory under active mosquito surveillance and sandfly specific surveys, we used molecular methods to explore the genetic diversity and spatial distribution, further exploring ecological co-variants of four sandfly species\u2014Phlebotomus ariasi, P. perniciosus, P. sergenti, and Sergentomyia minuta\u2014all of which are of public health importance. Sandflies were collected from Spring to Autumn (May\u2013November) following local temperature patterns. P. perniciosus was the most widespread detected species, with a nationwide distribution. All studied species clustered together with known samples from the Iberian Peninsula. Further monitoring studies of sandfly species diversity, distribution, and seasonality are essential for surveillance and control of sandfly-borne pathogens both nationally and globally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/zoonoticdis2010003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T20:35:28Z","timestamp":1644784528000},"page":"19-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Molecular Identification and Ecology of Portuguese Wild-Caught Phlebotomine Sandfly Specimens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7258-1439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edbia","family":"Z\u00e9-Z\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSA\u2014Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida da Liberdade n. 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"BioISI\u2014Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Edificio TecLabs, Campus da FCUL, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5445-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Amaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSA\u2014Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida da Liberdade n. 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"ISAMB\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6704-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo Costa","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSA\u2014Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida da Liberdade n. 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"ISAMB\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5849-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Flaviv\u00edrus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Gen\u00e9tica Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Ant\u00f4nio Carlos n. 6627, Pampula, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioISI\u2014Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Edificio TecLabs, Campus da FCUL, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0065-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSA\u2014Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida da Liberdade n. 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"ISAMB\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.6","article-title":"Short report: Distribution and feeding preference of the sand flies Phlebotomus sergenti and P. papatasi in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Sanliurfa, Turkey","volume":"68","author":"Chang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. 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