{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:05:52Z","timestamp":1792188352015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Royal College of General Practitioners","issue":"656","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Gen Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unnecessary and non-first-choice antibiotic prescribing is a significant problem in primary care. It is often argued that irrational prescribing is higher during out-of-hours (OOH) consultations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To obtain insight into the quantity and quality of OOH antibiotic prescribing for commonly presented infectious diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two two-way comparisons of 1) nationally dispensed antibiotics during office hours and OOH care, using data from the Dutch Foundation of Pharmaceutical Statistics, and 2) regional prescribing quality data from 45 primary care practices from Utrecht and its vicinity, and two large OOH services in Utrecht and Woerden.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the national data, yearly dispensed antibiotics were analysed per prescriber type, with respect to time (office hours or OOH) of prescription, types of antibiotics, and patients\u2019 age group. Regional prescribing rates, choice of antibiotic, and appropriateness of prescribing were compared for otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, cystitis, and impetigo. Appropriateness was assessed by comparing all relevant information from medical files with the guideline recommendations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Only 6% of GP-prescribed antibiotics were prescribed OOH. OOH, cystitis and acute otitis media presented most often. First-choice prescribing was comparable for the two settings, whereas prescribing rates were higher OOH, with comparatively more amoxicillin(\/clavulanate). The appropriateness evaluation, however, revealed that overprescribing was comparable, or even lower than, for daily practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The suggestion that OOH antibiotic prescribing quality is worse than in daily practice does not seem founded. The higher OOH prescribing rates can be explained by a different population of presenting patients. The appropriateness of prescribing rather than prescribing rates, therefore, should be used to determine quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp17x689641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T00:40:13Z","timestamp":1487896813000},"page":"e178-e186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Antibiotic prescribing during office hours and out-of-hours: a comparison of quality and quantity in primary care in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.3399","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Vera EC","family":"Debets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo JM","family":"Verheij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alike W","family":"van der Velden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1987","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmv019"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt301"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku005"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmt077"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2096"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f1493"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3109\/02813432.2016.1163035","article-title":"Peer academic detailing on use of antibiotics in acute respiratory infections. A controlled study in an urban Norwegian out-of-hours service","volume":"34","author":"Dyrkorn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.04.003"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02813432.2014.972067"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-12-30"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2012.06.110310"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm027"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.13","unstructured":"NIVEL, Netherlands institute for health services research Medical consumption at out-of-hours services: top-5 ICPC-codes, http:\/\/www.nivel.nl\/NZR\/top-5-icpc-codes (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."},{"issue":"20","key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.14","first-page":"2340","article-title":"Is otitis and tonsillitis handled in the same way within normal working hours and out-of-hours? [In Norwegian]","volume":"128","author":"Fagan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw189"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13814788.2013.828200"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.17","unstructured":"Stichting Farmaceutische Kengetallen Foundation for pharmaceutical statistics, http:\/\/www.sfk.nl\/english (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.18","unstructured":"World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology Structure and principles, http:\/\/www.whocc.no\/atc\/structure_and_principles (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/13.3.294"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmp103"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4450","DOI":"10.3109\/02813432.2014.898974","article-title":"Consumption in out-of-hours health care: Danes double Dutch?","volume":"32","author":"Huibers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.22","unstructured":"Nederlands Huisartsen Genootschap Richtlijnen en praktijk, [Guidelines and practice]. https:\/\/www.nhg.org\/richtlijnen-praktijk (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007365"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2005.032359"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs.2010.043091"},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.26","unstructured":"The Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy (SWAB) Report on regional antibiotic use, [In Dutch]. http:\/\/www2.sfk.nl\/producten\/swab\/regionaal\/index_html (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."},{"key":"2020081209300496000_67.656.e178.27","unstructured":"The Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy (SWAB) Antibiotic use in the Netherlands, [In Dutch]. http:\/\/www2.sfk.nl\/producten\/swab\/landelijk (accessed 27 Jan 2017)."}],"container-title":["British Journal of General Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3399\/bjgp17X689641","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T19:45:28Z","timestamp":1645818328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjgp.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3399\/bjgp17X689641"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"656","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3399\/bjgp17X689641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3399\/bjgp17x689641","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-1643","1478-5242"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-1643","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-5242","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]}}}