{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:56:53Z","timestamp":1792699013962,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"Co-Action Publishing","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease"],"DOI":"10.3402\/mehd.v23i0.19260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,25]],"date-time":"2012-08-25T06:31:40Z","timestamp":1345876300000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["Short-chain fatty acid fermentation products of the gut microbiome: implications in autism spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.3402","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Derrick F.","family":"MacFabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1989","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders \u2013 autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 14 sites, United States, 2008","volume":"61","author":"Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network Surveillance Year 2008 Principal Investigators","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5748(02)00053-9","article-title":"Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging of autism","volume":"20","author":"Cody","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2005.01.003"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2004.09.006"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.07.004"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CEMN.0000005322.27203.73"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03033369"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050401"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.2121"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060170036"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1099"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.08.039"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20315"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.11.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00046"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-118"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000065416"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2004.11.001"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328336a01f"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.165"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318212f16b"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.136"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0819"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.21"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1120210109"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msi059"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0594.2010.00599.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003815"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1706"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.08.028"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801954200"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00287-06"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000055318.09997.1F"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.76"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2006.03.017"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-004-6241-6"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(77)90010-7","article-title":"Ultrastructural and biochemical changes in renal mitochondria during chronic oral methyl mercury exposure: the relationship to renal function","volume":"27","author":"Fowler","year":"1977","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8652"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.17.1.37"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0667-6_38","article-title":"Hepatocyte lysis induced by environmental metal toxins may involve apoptotic death signals initiated by mitochondrial injury","volume":"500","author":"Pourahmad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.5.2703","article-title":"The role of a mitochondrial pathway in the induction of apoptosis by chemicals extracted from diesel exhaust particles","volume":"165","author":"Hiura","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00022.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04333.x","article-title":"Mechanism of toxicity of pesticides acting at complex I: relevance to environmental etiologies of Parkinson's disease","volume":"100","author":"Sherer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00213961"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2009.05.001"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.07.025"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajbbsp.2008.146.166"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.10.005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.01.013"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2008.12.023"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06614.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.10.045"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-153"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199211000-00005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.09.008"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0056","first-page":"705","article-title":"Urinary metabolic phenotyping differentiates children with autism from their unaffected siblings and age-matched controls","volume":"14","author":"Yap","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.05.058"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426506021004351"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1223813"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03812.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1006-y"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.9"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.04.032"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341914"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2167-7"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400935"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2010.07.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.0285a.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007840050106"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411970080030301"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0073","first-page":"423","article-title":"Assessing survival of dairy propionibacteria in gastrointestinal conditions and adherence to intestinal epithelia","volume":"268","author":"Zarate","year":"2004","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2006.1931"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2008.11.012"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.2004.04255.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1993.485"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2312"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014806723147"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0080","first-page":"E253","article-title":"Characterization of alpha-keto acid transport across blood-brain barrier in rats","volume":"245","author":"Conn","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90246-N","article-title":"Extensive dye coupling between rat neocortical neurons during the period of circuit formation","volume":"10","author":"Peinado","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2003.10.056"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.08.040"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cbir.1998.0263"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2005.09.002"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BOLI.0000037353.13085.e2"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.5.942","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids suppress cholesterol synthesis in rat liver and intestine","volume":"129","author":"Hara","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301403200"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021125","article-title":"Intracellular acidification reduced gap junction coupling between immature rat neocortical pyramidal neurones","volume":"490","author":"Rorig","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.11.013"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.10.003"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.9.1143"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0093","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder in a child with propionic acidemia","author":"Al-Owain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-7192(02)00197-X","article-title":"Propionic acidemia: identification of twenty-four novel mutations in Europe and North America","volume":"78","author":"Perez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0761-z"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2004.08.001"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf104380f"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0098","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The clostridia, molecular biology and pathogenesis","author":"Stackebrandt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phylogenetic relationships"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.11.6459-6465.2004"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2011.03.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2164(09)01202-7","article-title":"Biochemistry, physiology and biotechnology of sulfate-reducing bacteria","volume":"68","author":"Barton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2010.04.004"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06580.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020322800601","article-title":"Intestinal pathophysiology in autism","volume":"228","author":"White","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024585"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70052-1","article-title":"Gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with autistic disorder","volume":"135","author":"Horvath","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01904.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000150721.83224.89"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.82.2.169"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2006.05.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-128926"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30081","article-title":"Mouse models of autism spectrum disorders: the challenge for behavioral genetics","volume":"142","author":"Moy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00096.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001529"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.121483"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.06.013"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2178-07.2007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2004.05.001"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1712-06.2006"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20039"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206001769"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e325","DOI":"10.5858\/2003-127-e325-PAANCR","article-title":"Propionic acidemia: a neuropathology case report and review of prior cases","volume":"127","author":"Feliz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2003.11.002"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(99)00127-6","article-title":"Effect of chemically induced propionic acidemia on neurobehavioral development of rats","volume":"64","author":"Brusque","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(02)00211-5","article-title":"[3H]-DA release evoked by low pH medium and internal H+ accumulation in rat hypothalamic synaptosomes: involvement of calcium ions","volume":"43","author":"Cannizzaro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2005.00669.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(02)00383-4","article-title":"A role for electrotonic coupling in the striatum in the expression of dopamine receptor-mediated stereotypies","volume":"27","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.10.006"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.05.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-74"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(99)00063-2","article-title":"Intracellular pH modulates spontaneous and epileptiform bioelectric activity of hippocampal CA3-neurones","volume":"10","author":"Bonnet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1130"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.05.097"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2005.01.003"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.08.075"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11689-009-9023-x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025555132675"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-004-1147-1"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.04.002"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0140","first-page":"195","article-title":"Recurrent D-lactic acidosis in a child with short bowel syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Puwanant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2500819","article-title":"Effects of propionate and carnitine on the hepatic oxidation of short- and medium-chain-length fatty acids","volume":"250","author":"Brass","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-004-5283-1"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2010.12.018"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389100600102"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.47000.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(96)00027-9","article-title":"3-Nitropropionic acid animal model and Huntington's disease","volume":"21","author":"Borlongan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.038"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-012-0775-4"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/51.2.161"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1611","article-title":"Metabolic biomarkers of increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity in children with autism","volume":"80","author":"James","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2009.09.008"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2009.03.011"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-3-9"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200700075"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361307089518"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2010.12.005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01312.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440010604"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00644.2002","article-title":"Specific gap junctions enhance the neuronal vulnerability to brain traumatic injury","volume":"22","author":"Frantseva","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858402239586"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.12.014"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20484"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20647"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00102.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0165","article-title":"Impact of prenatal immune system disturbances on brain development","author":"Madhusudan","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1223"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2005.06.005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21232"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0169","volume-title":"Intraventricular enteric short chain fatty acid infusions in rats induce behavioural, neuropathological, lipid and epigenetic changes consistent with Autism","author":"Nankova","year":"2012"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0186"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2001.0281"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2003.12.020"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.05.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2009.01.007"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000323189"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2004.03.008"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2008.05.013"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260801889062"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05185.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2008.01.005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2009.08.004"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.01.011"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0183","article-title":"Biomarkers of abnormal energy metabolism in children with autism spectrum disorder","author":"Frye","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2009.06.003"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2006.02.001"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2360131","article-title":"Inhibition of oxidative metabolism by propionic acid and its reversal by carnitine in isolated rat hepatocytes","volume":"236","author":"Brass","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111387"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2012.03.238"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20060221"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/122.2.234","article-title":"Interaction of carnitine and propionate with pyruvate oxidation by hepatocytes from clofibrate-treated rats: importance of coenzyme A availability","volume":"122","author":"Brass","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.11.2790","article-title":"Serum acetate: propionate ratio is related to serum cholesterol in men but not women","volume":"126","author":"Wolever","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.6.1241","article-title":"Propionate inhibits incorporation of colonic [1,2-13C]acetate into plasma lipids in humans","volume":"61","author":"Wolever","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30366","article-title":"Metabolic endophenotype and related genotypes are associated with oxidative stress in children with autism","volume":"141","author":"James","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0655-4"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06807.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26615"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.05024.x","article-title":"Localization of organic cation\/carnitine transporter (OCTN2) in cells forming the blood-brain barrier","volume":"104","author":"Miecz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21621"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-005-9046-x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.06.023"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500701"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-009-0903-4"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000125699.60416.03"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1159\/000323178","article-title":"Neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine after traumatic injury to the immature rat brain","volume":"32","author":"Scafidi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06764.x","article-title":"Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction following contusion spinal cord injury","volume":"114","author":"Patel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03879.x"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-9-21"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427414"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(91)90529-2","article-title":"Animal models as simulations of depression","volume":"12","author":"Willner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(82)90047-4","article-title":"Carnitine, carnitine acyltransferases, and rat brain function","volume":"78","author":"Bresolin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2004.03.005"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0212","article-title":"The role of parasites and pathogens in influencing generalised anxiety and predation-related fear in the mammalian central nervous system","author":"Kaushik","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010529108"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3217"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2000.10.133"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15622970802043117"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0217","author":"Diamond","year":"1997","journal-title":"Guns, germs, and steel"},{"key":"MEHD19260CIT0218","volume-title":"Prenatal exposure to propionic acid and lipopolysaccharides produces developmental delay, anxiety-like behaviour, and hyper-sensitivity to accoustic startle in adolescent rats","author":"Foley","year":"2012","journal-title":"abstr."}],"container-title":["Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T04:29:21Z","timestamp":1744000161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.microbecolhealthdis.net\/index.php\/mehd\/article\/view\/19260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]},"references-count":218,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/mehd.v23i0.19260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1651-2235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1651-2235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]}}}