{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T20:30:24Z","timestamp":1786480224744,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney360"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Early diagnosis of AKI and preventive measures can likely decrease the severity of the injury and improve patient outcomes. Current hemodynamic monitoring variables, including BP, heart and respiratory rates, temperature, and oxygenation status, have been used to identify patients at high risk for AKI. Despite the widespread use of such variables, their ability to accurately and timely detect patients who are high risk has been questioned. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop and validate tools that can measure new and more kidney-specific hemodynamic and laboratory variables, potentially assisting with AKI risk stratification, implementing appropriate and timely preventive measures, and hopefully improved outcomes. The new ultrasonography techniques provide novel insights into kidney hemodynamics and potential management and\/or therapeutic targets. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography; Doppler flow patterns of hepatic veins, portal vein, and intrakidney veins; and ultrasound elastography are among approaches that may provide such information, particularly related to vascular changes in AKI, venous volume excess or congestion, and fluid tolerance. This review summarizes the current state of these techniques and their relevance to kidney hemodynamic management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34067\/kid.0002322021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T17:15:13Z","timestamp":1622654113000},"page":"1349-1359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Use of Ultrasound to Assess Hemodynamics in Acutely Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.34067","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7544-3955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Safadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Critical Care Medicine, Alteon Health, Carroll Hospital, Westminster, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7239-9784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Murthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2184-3683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kianoush B.","family":"Kashani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.7885","article-title":"Septic shock: Advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"314","author":"Seymour","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B2-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31828a25fd","article-title":"Does the central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? 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