{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:53:32Z","timestamp":1787313212975,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30DK079328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30DK079328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Kidney360"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Glucose absorption in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) may contribute to adverse metabolic effects. Previous studies on glucose absorption were done on patients on continuous ambulatory PD, with a long dwell time. However, the growing majority of contemporary patients on PD perform automated PD with a short dwell time. Moreover, membrane characteristics and dwell time determine small-solute transport across the peritoneal membrane.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n In our pilot study, we used data from the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) to develop a model to estimate glucose absorption. In six randomly selected patients on PD, we calculated actual glucose absorption from directly measuring effluent glucose concentration. We then used the R programming language to create a nonlinear, least-squared regression model, inputting PET data, D2\/D0, and D4\/D0 to generate an exponential decay curve. This model was then used to estimate the fraction of glucose remaining in the dialysate at a particular dwell time t (Dt\/D0). Daily glucose absorption was calculated by multiplying 1\u2212Dt\/D0 with the amount of glucose the patient was exposed to in 24 hours.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n We observed the mean glucose absorption (89.7\u00b128.8 g\/d), as measured from the effluent, very close to our estimate (88.12\u00b128.9 g\/d), and the difference between the glucose estimation and actual absorption was not statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n >0.05), with \"W\" value of 8. After validating our hypothesis, we randomly selected an independent cohort of 11 patients with ESKD who were on various PD modalities and analyzed their data. We observed that the mean daily glucose absorption of 62.7\u00b124.5 g (27.98\u2013110.35 g), much lower than that reported in the literature, depends on dwell times and membrane characteristics in addition to the amount of glucose absorption in the cohort.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our model provides a simple tool for estimating glucose absorption and caloric load in contemporary patients on PD. Hopefully, the accurate estimation of caloric load and the incorporation of it into the daily caloric intake of the individual will help to reduce metabolic consequences of hyperglycemia and weight gain and improve overall outcomes of PD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.34067\/kid.0004722020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T18:55:44Z","timestamp":1601405744000},"page":"1373-1379","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Model To Estimate Glucose Absorption in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.34067","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7701-4596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suman Krishna","family":"Kotla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Mathematics Department, Dallas Nephrology Associates, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Transplant, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1981.53","article-title":"Glucose absorption during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis","volume":"19","author":"Grodstein","year":"1981","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B2-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-2276(00)90006-2","article-title":"Glucose absorption in acute peritoneal dialysis","volume":"10","author":"Podel","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"B4-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.196","article-title":"A quantitative description of solute and fluid transport during peritoneal dialysis","volume":"41","author":"Heimb\u00fcrger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B5-20230821","first-page":"246","article-title":"Equilibration of peritoneal dialysis solutions during long-dwell exchanges","volume":"93","author":"Nolph","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"B9-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000499406","article-title":"Counteracting the metabolic effects of glucose load in peritoneal dialysis patients; an exercise-based approach","volume":"48","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"B10-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0894-0959.2004.17610.x","article-title":"Metabolic consequences of peritoneal dialysis","volume":"17","author":"Burkart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"B11-20230821","first-page":"119","article-title":"Glucose utilization from dialysate in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)","volume":"2","author":"De Santo","year":"1979","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"B12-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1983.6","article-title":"Adaptation of CAPD patients to the continuous peritoneal energy uptake","volume":"23","author":"von Baeyer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B13-20230821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02742.x","article-title":"Serum lipids and lipoproteins during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis","volume":"220","author":"Lindholm","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"}],"container-title":["Kidney360"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.34067\/KID.0004722020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T19:58:00Z","timestamp":1786478280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.34067\/KID.0004722020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34067\/kid.0004722020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-7650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-7650","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}