{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T20:31:31Z","timestamp":1786480291325,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRU329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRU329"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOR2743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOR2743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007952","name":"Eva Luise und Horst K\u00f6hler Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019_KollegSE.04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019_KollegSE.04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007952","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["390661388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390661388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney360"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Our previous protocols for 3D super-resolution kidney imaging have not been optimized to be compatible with paraffin-embedded samples.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This study overcomes these limitations, allowing 3D super-resolved imaging in FFPE kidney blocks.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This advancement opens up for 3D super-resolution kidney imaging of biobank material and in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diseases of the glomeruli, the renal filtration units, are a leading cause of progressive kidney disease. Assessment of the ultrastructure of podocytes at the glomerular filtration barrier is essential for diagnosing diverse disease entities, providing insight into the disease pathogenesis, and monitoring treatment responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here we apply previously published sample preparation methods together with stimulated emission depletion and confocal microscopy for resolving nanoscale podocyte substructure. The protocols are modified and optimized in order to be applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We successfully modified our protocols to allow for deep three-dimensional stimulated emission depletion and confocal imaging of FFPE kidney tissue with similar staining and image quality compared with our previous approaches. We further show that quantitative analysis can be applied to extract morphometrics from healthy and diseased samples from both mice and humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results from this study could increase the feasibility of implementing optical kidney imaging protocols in clinical routines because FFPE is the gold-standard method for storage of patient samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.34067\/kid.0005882021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T12:30:17Z","timestamp":1638534617000},"page":"446-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Three-Dimensional Super-Resolved Imaging of Paraffin-Embedded Kidney Samples"],"prefix":"10.34067","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4162-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Unnersj\u00f6-Jess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amer","family":"Ramdedovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"H\u00f6hne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linus","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix C.","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman-Ulrich","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9132-0282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter F.","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatrics II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5584-9170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Schermer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0512-1066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Benzing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00020.2002","article-title":"Cell biology of the glomerular podocyte","volume":"83","author":"Pavenst\u00e4dt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B2-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfk037","article-title":"What you should know about the work-up of a renal biopsy","volume":"21","author":"Amann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B3-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/jmi.12244","article-title":"Challenges of microtome-based serial block-face scanning electron microscopy in neuroscience","volume":"259","author":"Wanner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Microsc"},{"key":"B4-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00037","article-title":"New views of the glomerulus: Advanced microscopy for advanced diagnosis","volume":"6","author":"Pullman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B5-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.308","article-title":"Super-resolution stimulated emission depletion imaging of slit diaphragm proteins in optically cleared kidney tissue","volume":"89","author":"Unnersj\u00f6-Jess","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B6-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11553-x","article-title":"Structured illumination microscopy and automatized image processing as a rapid diagnostic tool for podocyte 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