{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T20:31:38Z","timestamp":1786480298322,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32-DK007199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-DK007199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney360"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AKI is a significant complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with no effective therapy. Niacinamide, a vitamin B3 analogue, has some evidence of efficacy in non-COVID-19-related AKI. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between niacinamide therapy and outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related AKI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We implemented a quasi-experimental design with nonrandom, prospective allocation of niacinamide in 201 hospitalized adult patients, excluding those with baseline eGFR &lt;15 ml\/min per 1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      on or off dialysis, with COVID-19-related AKI by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, in two hospitals with identical COVID-19 care algorithms, one of which additionally implemented treatment with niacinamide for COVID-19-related AKI. Patients on the niacinamide protocol (B3 patients) were compared against patients at the same institution before protocol commencement and contemporaneous patients at the non-niacinamide hospital (collectively, non-B3 patients). The primary outcome was a composite of death or RRT.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 38 out of 90 B3 patients and 62 out of 111 non-B3 patients died or received RRT. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazard modeling, niacinamide was associated with a lower risk of RRT or death (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.00;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.05), an association driven by patients with KDIGO stage-2\/3 AKI (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.65;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.03;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      interaction with KDIGO stage=0.03). Total mortality also followed this pattern (HR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.52; in patients with KDIGO stage-2\/3 AKI,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002). Serum creatinine after AKI increased by 0.20 (SEM, 0.08) mg\/dl per day among non-B3 patients with KDIGO stage-2\/3 AKI, but was stable among comparable B3 patients (+0.01 [SEM, 0.06] mg\/dl per day;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      interaction=0.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Niacinamide was associated with lower risk of RRT\/death and improved creatinine trajectory among patients with severe COVID-19-related AKI. Larger randomized studies are necessary to establish a causal relationship\n                      <jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.34067\/kid.0006452020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T21:45:14Z","timestamp":1605908714000},"page":"33-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Niacinamide May Be Associated with Improved Outcomes in COVID-19-Related Acute Kidney Injury: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.34067","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Nathan H.","family":"Raines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarju","family":"Ganatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pitchaphon","family":"Nissaisorakarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amar","family":"Pandit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aarti","family":"Asnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrnaz","family":"Sadrolashrafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rushin","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vigyan","family":"Bang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Shreyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simarjeet","family":"Brar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amitoj","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourbha S.","family":"Dani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Poyan Mehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Zeidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhea","family":"Bhargava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Schlondorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore I.","family":"Steinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Mukamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir M.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.04.003","article-title":"Renal histopathological analysis of 26 postmortem findings of patients with COVID-19 in China","volume":"98","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B3-20250825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.03.005","article-title":"Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19","volume":"97","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney 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Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Kidney360"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.34067\/KID.0006452020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T20:02:04Z","timestamp":1786478524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.34067\/KID.0006452020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34067\/kid.0006452020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-7650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-7650","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-20","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}