{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T14:08:56Z","timestamp":1773410936722,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russell H Morgan Professorship in Radiology"},{"name":"Siemens Medical Systems"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 EB007829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EB007829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BME Front"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n            . Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Optical endoscopy, ultrasound, and X-ray offer minimally invasive imaging assessments but have limited sensitivity for characterizing disease and therapeutic response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) endoscopy is a newer idea employing tiny catheter-mounted detectors connected to the MRI scanner. It can see through vessel walls and provide soft-tissue sensitivity, but its slow imaging speed limits practical applications. Our goal is high-resolution MRI endoscopy with real-time imaging speeds comparable to existing modalities.\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            . Intravascular (3\u2009mm) transmit-receive MRI endoscopes were fabricated for highly undersampled radial-projection MRI in a clinical 3-tesla MRI scanner. Iterative nonlinear reconstruction was accelerated using graphics processor units connected via a single ethernet cable to achieve true real-time endoscopy visualization at the scanner. MRI endoscopy was performed at 6-10 frames\/sec and 200-300\u2009\n            <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n            m resolution in human arterial specimens and porcine vessels\n            <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            and compared with fully sampled 0.3 frames\/sec and three-dimensional reference scans using mutual information (MI) and structural similarity (3-SSIM) indices.\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            . High-speed MRI endoscopy at 6-10 frames\/sec was consistent with fully sampled MRI endoscopy and histology, with feasibility demonstrated\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            in a large animal model. A 20-30-fold speed-up vs. 0.3 frames\/sec reference scans came at a cost of ~7% in MI and ~45% in 3-SSIM, with reduced motion sensitivity.\n            <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n            . High-resolution MRI endoscopy can now be performed at frame rates comparable to those of X-ray and optical endoscopy and could provide an alternative to existing modalities, with MRI\u2019s advantages of soft-tissue sensitivity and lack of ionizing radiation.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/2021\/6185616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T23:45:08Z","timestamp":1614296708000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Real-Time High-Resolution MRI Endoscopy at up to 10 Frames per Second"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5969-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA"},{"name":"The Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1147-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parag","family":"Karmarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0058-2157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Voit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedizinishe NMR, Max-Plank-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8279-884X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Frahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedizinishe NMR, Max-Plank-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2180-1731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clifford R.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0875-5323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dara L.","family":"Kraitchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul A.","family":"Bottomley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA"},{"name":"The Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_5_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-017-0959-2","article-title":"Pathophysiology and treatment of atherosclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Bergheanu S. C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. C.Bergheanu, M. C.Bodde, and J. W.Jukema, \u201cPathophysiology and treatment of atherosclerosis,\u201d Netherlands Heart Journal, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 231-242, 2017","journal-title":"Netherlands Heart Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28350"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1112570","article-title":"A tale of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction","volume":"366","author":"Nabel E. G.","year":"2012","unstructured":"E. G.Nabel, and E. E.Braunwald, \u201cA tale of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction,\u201d The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 366, no. 1, pp. 54-63, 2012","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","first-page":"894","article-title":"Association between IVUS findings and adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: the VIVA (VH-IVUS in vulnerable atherosclerosis) study","volume":"4","author":"Calvert P. A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"P. A.Calvert, D. R.Obaid, M.O'Sullivan, L. M.Shapiro, D.McNab, C. G.Densem, P. M.Schofield, D.Braganza, S. C.Clarke, K. K.Ray, N. E. J.West, and M. R.Bennett, \u201cAssociation between IVUS findings and adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: the VIVA (VH-IVUS in vulnerable atherosclerosis) study,\u201d JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 894-901, 2011","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.04.018","article-title":"Relation between angiographic lesion severity, vulnerable plaque morphology and future adverse cardiac events (from the providing regional observations to study predictors of events in the coronary tree study)","volume":"110","author":"Yun K. H.","year":"2012","unstructured":"K. H.Yun, G. S.Mintz, N.Farhat, S. P.Marso, N.Taglieri, S.Verheye, M. C.Foster, M. P.Margolis, B.Templin, K.Xu, O.Dressler, R.Mehran, G. W.Stone, and A.Maehara, \u201cRelation between angiographic lesion severity, vulnerable plaque morphology and future adverse cardiac events (from the providing regional observations to study predictors of events in the coronary tree study),\u201d The American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 110, no. 4, pp. 471-477, 2012","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht484","article-title":"In vivo detection of high-risk coronary plaques by radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound and cardiovascular outcome: results of the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study","volume":"35","author":"Cheng J. M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. M.Cheng, H. M.Garcia-Garcia, S. P. M.de Boer, I.Kardys, J. H.Heo, K. M.Akkerhuis, R. M.Oemrawsingh, R. T.van Domburg, J.Ligthart, K. T.Witberg, E.Regar, P. W.Serruys, R.-J.van Geuns, and E.Boersma, \u201cIn vivo detection of high-risk coronary plaques by radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound and cardiovascular outcome: results of the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study,\u201d European Heart Journal, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 639-647, 2014","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.5.1355","article-title":"A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis","volume":"92","author":"Stary H. C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"H. C.Stary, A.Chandler, R. E.Dinsmore, V.Fuster, S.Glagov, W.InsullJr., M. E.Rosenfeld, C. J.Schwartz, W. D.Wagner, and R. W.Wissler, \u201cA definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis,\u201d Circulation, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 1355-1374, 1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.074","article-title":"Atherothrombosis and high-risk plaque: part I: evolving concepts","volume":"46","author":"Fuster V.","year":"2005","unstructured":"V.Fuster, P. R.Moreno, Z. A.Fayad, R.Corti, and J. J.Badimon, \u201cAtherothrombosis and high-risk plaque: part I: evolving concepts,\u201d Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 937-954, 2005","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"10096","key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31957-8","article-title":"Intravascular imaging in coronary artery disease","volume":"390","author":"Mintz G. S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"G. S.Mintz, and G.Guagliumi, \u201cIntravascular imaging in coronary artery disease,\u201d The Lancet., vol. 390, no. 10096, pp. 793-809, 2017","journal-title":"The Lancet."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000000552","article-title":"Intravascular imaging of coronary artery disease: recent progress and future directions","volume":"18","author":"Ochijewicz D.","year":"2017","unstructured":"D.Ochijewicz, M.Tomaniak, L.Koltowski, A.Rdzanek, A.Pietrasik, and J.Kochman, \u201cIntravascular imaging of coronary artery disease: recent progress and future directions,\u201d Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 733-741, 2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000128","article-title":"A review of the clinical utility of intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography in the assessment and treatment of coronary artery disease","volume":"25","author":"Matthews S. D.","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. D.Matthews, and W. H.Frishman, \u201cA review of the clinical utility of intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography in the assessment and treatment of coronary artery disease,\u201d Cardiology in Review, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 68-76, 2017","journal-title":"Cardiology in Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000058325.82956.63","article-title":"High-resolution MR imaging of human atherosclerotic femoral arteries in vivo: validation with intravascular ultrasound","volume":"14","author":"Meissner O. A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"O. A.Meissner, J.Rieger, J.Rieber, V.Klauss, U.Siebert, F.Tat\u00f3, K.-J.Pfeifer, M.Reiser, and U.Hoffmann, \u201cHigh-resolution MR imaging of human atherosclerotic femoral arteries in vivo: validation with intravascular ultrasound,\u201d Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 227-231, 2003","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2776","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.483024","article-title":"Ultrasound measurement of the fibrous cap in symptomatic and asymptomatic atheromatous carotid plaques","volume":"111","author":"Devuyst G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"G.Devuyst, P.Ruchat, T.Karapanayiotides, L.Jonasson, O.Cuisinaire, J.-A.Lobrinus, M.Pusztaszeri, A.Kalangos, P.-A.Despland, J.-P.Thiran, and J.Bogousslavsky, \u201cUltrasound measurement of the fibrous cap in symptomatic and asymptomatic atheromatous carotid plaques,\u201d Circulation, vol. 111, no. 21, pp. 2776-2782, 2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.079","article-title":"Consensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies: a report from the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Standardization and Validation","volume":"59","author":"Tearney G. J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"G. J.Tearney, E.Regar, T.Akasaka, T.Adriaenssens, P.Barlis, H. G.Bezerra, B.Bouma, N.Bruining, J.Cho, S.Chowdhary, M. A.Costa, R.de Silva, J.Dijkstra, C.di Mario, D.Dudeck, E.Falk, M. D.Feldman, P.Fitzgerald, H.Garcia, N.Gonzalo, J. F.Granada, G.Guagliumi, N. R.Holm, Y.Honda, F.Ikeno, M.Kawasaki, J.Kochman, L.Koltowski, T.Kubo, T.Kume, H.Kyono, C. C. S.Lam, G.Lamouche, D. P.Lee, M. B.Leon, A.Maehara, O.Manfrini, G. S.Mintz, K.Mizuno, M. A.Morel, S.Nadkarni, H.Okura, H.Otake, A.Pietrasik, F.Prati, L.R\u00e4ber, M. D.Radu, J.Rieber, M.Riga, A.Rollins, M.Rosenberg, V.Sirbu, P. W. J. C.Serruys, K.Shimada, T.Shinke, J.Shite, E.Siegel, S.Sonada, M.Suter, S.Takarada, A.Tanaka, M.Terashima, T.Troels, S.Uemura, G. J.Ughi, H. M. M.van Beusekom, A. F. W.van der Steen, G. A.van Es, G.van Soest, R.Virmani, S.Waxman, N. J.Weissman, G.Weisz, G.-A.van Es, G.van Soest, R.Virmani, S.Waxman, N. J.Weissman, G.Weisz, and International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IWG-IVOCT), \u201cConsensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies: a report from the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Standardization and Validation,\u201d Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 1058-1072, 2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.69.903","article-title":"Assessment of coronary intima - media thickness by optical coherence tomography","volume":"69","author":"Kume T.","year":"2005","unstructured":"T.Kume, T.Akasaka, T.Kawamoto, N.Watanabe, E.Toyota, Y.Neishi, R.Sukmawan, Y.Sadahira, and K.Yoshida, \u201cAssessment of coronary intima - media thickness by optical coherence tomography,\u201d Circulation Journal, vol. 69, no. 8, pp. 903-907, 2005","journal-title":"Circulation Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3077125","article-title":"MRI endoscopy using intrinsically localized probes","volume":"36","author":"Sathyanarayana S.","year":"2009","unstructured":"S.Sathyanarayana, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cMRI endoscopy using intrinsically localized probes,\u201d Medical Physics, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 908-919, 2009","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","first-page":"1158","article-title":"Towards real-time intravascular endoscopic magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"3","author":"Sathyanarayana S.","year":"2010","unstructured":"S.Sathyanarayana, M.Sch\u00e4r, D. L.Kraitchman, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cTowards real-time intravascular endoscopic magnetic resonance imaging,\u201d JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 1158-1165, 2010","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-017-0399-6","article-title":"High-resolution and accelerated multi-parametric mapping with automated characterization of vessel disease using intravascular MRI","volume":"19","author":"Wang G.","year":"2017","unstructured":"G.Wang, Y.Zhang, S. S.Hegde, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cHigh-resolution and accelerated multi-parametric mapping with automated characterization of vessel disease using intravascular MRI,\u201d Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 89, 2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-14-20","article-title":"High-resolution intravascular magnetic resonance quantification of atherosclerotic plaque at 3T","volume":"14","author":"Qian D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"D.Qian, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cHigh-resolution intravascular magnetic resonance quantification of atherosclerotic plaque at 3T,\u201d Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 20, 2012","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25436","article-title":"Acceleration and motion-correction techniques for high-resolution intravascular MRI","volume":"74","author":"Hegde S. S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. S.Hegde, Y.Zhang, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cAcceleration and motion-correction techniques for high-resolution intravascular MRI,\u201d Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 452-461, 2015","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1585","article-title":"Real-time MRI at a resolution of 20 ms","volume":"23","author":"Uecker M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"M.Uecker, S.Zhang, D.Voit, A.Karaus, K.-D.Merboldt, and J.Frahm, \u201cReal-time MRI at a resolution of 20 ms,\u201d NMR in Biomedicine, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 986-994, 2010","journal-title":"NMR in Biomedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22453","article-title":"Nonlinear inverse reconstruction for real-time MRI of the human heart using undersampled radial FLASH","volume":"63","author":"Uecker M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"M.Uecker, S.Zhang, and J.Frahm, \u201cNonlinear inverse reconstruction for real-time MRI of the human heart using undersampled radial FLASH,\u201d Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 1456-1462, 2010","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21691","article-title":"Image reconstruction by regularized nonlinear inversion\u2014joint estimation of coil sensitivities and image content","volume":"60","author":"Uecker M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"M.Uecker, T.Hohage, K. T.Block, and J.Frahm, \u201cImage reconstruction by regularized nonlinear inversion\u2014joint estimation of coil sensitivities and image content,\u201d Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 674-682, 2008","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2364(91)90137-I","article-title":"Symmetric pulses to induce arbitrary flip angles with compensation for rf inhomogeneity and resonance offsets","volume":"94","author":"Garwood M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"M.Garwood, and Y.Ke, \u201cSymmetric pulses to induce arbitrary flip angles with compensation for rf inhomogeneity and resonance offsets,\u201d Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969), vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 511-525, 1991","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969)"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2003.817864","article-title":"Medical image registration using mutual information","volume":"91","author":"Maes F.","year":"2003","unstructured":"F.Maes, D.Vandermeulen, and P.Suetens, \u201cMedical image registration using mutual information,\u201d Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 91, no. 10, pp. 1699-1722, 2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","article-title":"Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity","volume":"13","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Z.Wang, A. C.Bovik, H. R.Sheikh, and E. P.Simoncelli, \u201cImage quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity,\u201d IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 600-612, 2004","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","article-title":"Content-weighted video quality assessment using a three-component image model","volume":"19","author":"Li C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"C.Li, and A. C.Bovik, \u201cContent-weighted video quality assessment using a three-component image model,\u201d Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 19, no. 1, article 011003, 2010","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Imaging"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7200","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007200","article-title":"Extremely low-frame-rate digital fluoroscopy in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation","volume":"96","author":"Lee J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"J.Lee, J.Kim, M.Kim, J.Hwang, Y.Hwang, J.-W.Kang, G.-B.Nam, K.-J.Choi, and Y.-H.Kim, \u201cExtremely low-frame-rate digital fluoroscopy in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation,\u201d Medicine, vol. 96, no. 24, p. e7200, 2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"39","key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14472","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i39.14472","article-title":"Capsule endoscopy capture rate: has 4 frames-per-second any impact over 2 frames-per-second?","volume":"20","author":"Fernandez-Urien I.","year":"2014","unstructured":"I.Fernandez-Urien, C.Carretero, E.Borobio, A.Borda, E.Estevez, S.Galter, B.Gonzalez-Suarez, B.Gonzalez, M.Lujan, J. L.Martinez, V.Mart\u00ednez, P.Mench\u00e9n, J.Navajas, V.Pons, C.Prieto, and J.Valle, \u201cCapsule endoscopy capture rate: has 4 frames-per-second any impact over 2 frames-per-second?,\u201d World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 20, no. 39, pp. 14472-14478, 2014","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.05.28","article-title":"What defines quality in small bowel capsule endoscopy","volume":"6","author":"Mitselos I. V.","year":"2018","unstructured":"I. V.Mitselos, and D. K.Christodoulou, \u201cWhat defines quality in small bowel capsule endoscopy,\u201d Annals of Translational Medicine, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 260, 2018","journal-title":"Annals of Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018170102","article-title":"Current and novel techniques for metal artifact reduction at CT: practical guide for radiologists","volume":"38","author":"Katsura M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"M.Katsura, J.Sato, M.Akahane, A.Kunimatsu, and O.Abe, \u201cCurrent and novel techniques for metal artifact reduction at CT: practical guide for radiologists,\u201d Radiographics, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 450-461, 2018","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2217\/iim.12.13","article-title":"CT artifacts: causes and reduction techniques","volume":"4","author":"Boas F. E.","year":"2012","unstructured":"F. E.Boas, and D.Fleischmann, \u201cCT artifacts: causes and reduction techniques,\u201d Imaging Med., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 229-240, 2012","journal-title":"Imaging Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2008.04.003","article-title":"Turning up the heat on MRI","volume":"5","author":"Bottomley P. A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"P. A.Bottomley, \u201cTurning up the heat on MRI,\u201d Journal of the American College of Radiology, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 853-855, 2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3828","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3439590","article-title":"Designing passive MRI-safe implantable conducting leads with electrodes","volume":"37","author":"Bottomley P. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"P. A.Bottomley, A.Kumar, W. A.Edelstein, J. M.Allen, and P. V.Karmarkar, \u201cDesigning passive MRI-safe implantable conducting leads with electrodes,\u201d Medical Physics, vol. 37, 7Part1, pp. 3828-3843, 2010","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27932","article-title":"High-resolution intravascular MRI-guided perivascular ultrasound ablation","volume":"83","author":"Liu X.","year":"2020","unstructured":"X.Liu, N.Ellens, E.Williams, E. C.Burdette, P.Karmarkar, C. R.Weiss, D.Kraitchman, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cHigh-resolution intravascular MRI-guided perivascular ultrasound ablation,\u201d Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 83, no. 1, pp. 240-253, 2020","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016151447","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation, MR thermometry, and high-spatial-resolution MR parametric imaging with a single, minimally invasive device","volume":"281","author":"Ert\u00fcrk M. A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. A.Ert\u00fcrk, S.Sathyanarayana Hegde, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201cRadiofrequency ablation, MR thermometry, and high-spatial-resolution MR parametric imaging with a single, minimally invasive device,\u201d Radiology, vol. 281, no. 3, pp. 927-932, 2016","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_2","first-page":"1833","article-title":"3T intravascular MRI, IVUS and OCT: a study in contrast","volume":"21","author":"Hegde S. S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"S. S.Hegde, C. R.Weiss, M. A.Erturk, and P. A.Bottomley, \u201c3T intravascular MRI, IVUS and OCT: a study in contrast,\u201d Proceedings of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine... Scientific Meeting and Exhibition. International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Scientific Meeting and Exhibition, vol. 21, p. 1833, 2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine... Scientific Meeting and Exhibition. International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Scientific Meeting and Exhibition"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Schaetz and M.Uecker \u201cA multi-GPU programming library for real-time applications \u201d in Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - Volume Part I ICA3PP\u201912 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 pp. 114-128","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33078-0_9"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910030217","article-title":"Rapid NMR imaging of dynamic processes using the FLASII technique","volume":"3","author":"Frahm J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"J.Frahm, A.Haase, and D.Matthaei, \u201cRapid NMR imaging of dynamic processes using the FLASII technique,\u201d Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 321-327, 1986","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1006\/jmra.1993.1162","article-title":"BIRP, an improved implementation of low-angle adiabatic (BIR-4) excitation pulses","volume":"103","author":"Bottomley P. A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"P. A.Bottomley, and R.Ouwerkerk, \u201cBIRP, an improved implementation of low-angle adiabatic (BIR-4) excitation pulses,\u201d Journal of Magnetic Resonance. Series A, vol. 103, no. 2, pp. 242-244, 1993","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance. Series A"}],"container-title":["BME Frontiers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.spj.sciencemag.org\/bmef\/2021\/6185616.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.spj.sciencemag.org\/bmef\/2021\/6185616.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/spj.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.34133\/2021\/6185616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T12:33:30Z","timestamp":1704803610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/spj.science.org\/doi\/10.34133\/2021\/6185616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.34133\/2021\/6185616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/2021\/6185616","relation":{},"ISSN":["2765-8031"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2765-8031","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"article-number":"6185616"}}