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The modulation patterns are formed by convolving the SI basis patterns with a second-order differential operator. Compared with existing published edge detection methods, experimental results revealed that the proposed SESI increased the signal-to-noise ratio by at least 228%, thereby reducing the edge detection time by at least half. The edge detection performance of the SESI scheme was also demonstrated on moving objects, with SESI detecting clear edges even when the target was in motion. Moreover, unlike traditional methods, ESI and SESI are immune to light interference and can detect clear edges of objects even if the objects are corrupted by severe interference from laser or light-emitting diode light sources, whereas traditional methods exhibit substantial noise contamination. Consequently, ESI and SESI can lay the groundwork for fast and robust edge detection operations without imaging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/icomputing.0050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T10:41:34Z","timestamp":1689936094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Direct Noise-Resistant Edge Detection with Edge-Sensitive Single-Pixel Imaging Modulation"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Mengchao","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instruments, School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, \rHefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instruments, School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, \rHefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instruments, School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, \rHefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaxia","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, \rUniversity of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8728-5683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongfeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, \rChinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China."},{"name":"Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230037, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, \rChinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China."},{"name":"Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230037, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, \rUniversity of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada  N6A 5B9."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","article-title":"A computational approach to edge detection","volume":"8","author":"Canny J","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canny J. 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