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The swept-cross strategy improves volumetric imaging quality and, for the first time, enables 4D SWE-based differentiation of tissue anisotropy, with in\u00a0vivo ocular applications.\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Volumetric SWE remains challenging because of the limited channel counts of the acquisition system.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    SE applies a 32 \u00d7 32 matrix array and divides it into four 8 \u00d7 32 subpanels, connected with a Vantage 256 system through 4-1 multiplexing. An optimized sequential excitation and swept-cross compounding method is used to reduce the interpanel gap influence and improve elevational performance.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Validated using wire targets, point target, ex\u00a0vivo chicken breast, and in\u00a0vivo rabbit cornea, SE improved volumetric imaging performance compared with conventional subpanel compounding. It improved the elevational resolution from 0.84 mm to 0.35 mm at 10-mm depth and the 3D point spread function from 1 \u00d7 2.1 \u00d7 4.7\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    to 1 \u00d7 2.2 \u00d7 2.1\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    . In chicken breast, it differentiated tissue anisotropy and estimated muscle fiber direction. In rabbit cornea, it enabled volumetric shear wave velocity mapping.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    SE enables 4D shear wave elastography and provides a promising approach for volumetric assessment of tissue biomechanics, anisotropy, and ocular stiffness.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/bmef.0307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:43:45Z","timestamp":1787042625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Four-Dimensional Sequential Elastography for Ocular Tissue Using 2D Matrix Array"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6292-6776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfred E. 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Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, \rUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA."},{"name":"USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, \rUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, \rUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7847-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfred E. 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