{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T06:13:28Z","timestamp":1782627208763,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402642"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82272341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["spj.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens such as methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) pose a substantial challenge to global public health, particularly because of chronic and persistent infections associated with bacterial biofilms, which call for safe and innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we present a novel antibiofilm system inspired by the preferential uptake properties of isogenous bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs). This system employs vancomycin (VAN) for bacterial killing, while MVs act as delivery vehicles to increase VAN penetration into biofilms. VAN@\n                    <jats:sup>\u0394agr<\/jats:sup>\n                    MVs demonstrated sustained drug release and improved VAN accessibility within biofilms. Treatment with VAN@\n                    <jats:sup>\u0394agr<\/jats:sup>\n                    MVs considerably reduced the number of planktonic MRSA strain USA300 cells and effectively eradicated MRSA biofilms in\u00a0vitro. RNA sequencing revealed substantial alterations in genes associated with bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, global regulators, virulence factors, and biofilm formation. Treatment with VAN@\n                    <jats:sup>\u0394agr<\/jats:sup>\n                    MVs substantially reduced the MRSA burden within biofilms in\u00a0vivo. Safety evaluation demonstrated the avirulent properties of the VAN@\n                    <jats:sup>\u0394agr<\/jats:sup>\n                    MVs, highlighting its potential for clinical application. Overall, this study offers a promising alternative for MRSA biofilm eradication, providing a viable strategy to combat chronic infections caused by MDR biofilm-forming pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/bmr.0288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:32:59Z","timestamp":1762986779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Homotypic Membrane Vesicle-Formulated VAN@\n                    <sup>\u0394agr<\/sup>\n                    MVs for Methicillin-Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Biofilm Clearance"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jianxiong","family":"Dou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huagang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weilong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiwen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9905-760X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiancai","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, \rArmy Medical University, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-025-04278-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","article-title":"Genomic characterisation of the population structure and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis in Chile, 2009-2022","volume":"32","author":"Pi\u00f1a-Iturbe A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pi\u00f1a-Iturbe A, D\u00edaz-Gavidia C, \u00c1lvarez FP, Barron-Montenegro R, \u00c1lvarez-Espejo DM, Garc\u00eda P, Sol\u00eds D, Constenla-Albornoz R, Toro M, Olivares-Pacheco J, et al. 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