{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:35:20Z","timestamp":1793118920952,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","funder":[{"name":"Ningbo Medical Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["2024Y52"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024Y52"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation","award":["2024L004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024L004"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["2022020506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022020506"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["spj.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diabetic infected wounds remain difficult to heal because bacterial colonization, biofilm formation, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and persistent inflammation mutually reinforce one another in the diabetic wound microenvironment. In diabetic wounds, the temporal immune switch is often impaired, resulting in oxidative stress accumulation and poor vascularized tissue repair. Therefore, an ideal wound dressing should not merely kill bacteria or suppress inflammation independently, but should coordinate antibacterial intervention and immune remodeling according to the evolving stages of wound healing. Here, we constructed a ROS-responsive core\u2013shell hydrogel, BBT-Py\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    NPs@SchB@CSH, to achieve spatiotemporally ordered therapy for diabetic infected wounds. The outer shell was loaded with BBT-Py\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    nanoparticles, an aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) with near-infrared imaging capability and synergistic photothermal\u2013photodynamic antibacterial activity against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and biofilms. The inner core encapsulated schisandrin B (Sch B), a natural antioxidant and immunomodulator that scavenges excessive ROS and promotes macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype toward the reparative M2 phenotype. The ROS-sensitive interface enabled the infected microenvironment and laser-triggered ROS to accelerate outer-shell degradation, allowing early antibacterial action to be followed by Sch B-mediated immunoregulatory repair. In\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo evaluations demonstrated that BBT-Py\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    NPs@SchB@CSH effectively disrupted bacterial biofilms, reduced bacterial burden, alleviated oxidative inflammatory stress, promoted collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and accelerated diabetic infected wound closure. This study presents an \u201couter-layer antibacterial, inner-core immunomodulatory repair\u201d strategy that matches therapeutic function to the temporal requirements of infected diabetic wound healing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/bmr.0432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:39:00Z","timestamp":1791207540000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatiotemporally Regulated Pro-\/Anti-Inflammatory Transition via Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Core\u2013Shell Hydrogel for Diabetic Infected Wound Healing"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery &amp; Hand Microsurgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China."},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Ningbo","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, \rNanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, \rNanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2333-3221","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wentao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, \rNanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, \rInstitute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0293-964X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ben Zhong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Aggregate Science, \rSchool of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Longgang, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery &amp; Hand Microsurgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China."},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Ningbo","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adp2974"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302587"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01933-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206617"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-025-00471-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2752-5724\/adcbc6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202501817"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2752-5724\/adec0a"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01080-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.92449"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.117949"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02390-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202401490"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202400494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202405255"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202404091"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202422274"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202520727"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202404405"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202510355"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2023.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS00883E"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202514134"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/research.1092"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agt2.70102"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00793E"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.217553"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202510900"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02731-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152511"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2026.103007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c07851"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.4c00552"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02675-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202503417"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2026.124540"}],"container-title":["Biomaterials 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