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In the context of evolution, however, fundamental questions remain. How does natural selection act on quantum phenomena such as spin dynamics? What evolutionary pressures have tuned or preserved magnetic sensitivity at the quantum level? In this paper, we offer some potential answers, by closer inspection of the spin Hamiltonian central to the radical pair mechanism. We focus on the fact that hyperfine coupling constants are determined by the local protein environment, which is specified by genetic sequence. Variations in these parameters can alter reactive oxygen species (ROS) outcomes, providing a potential pathway by which quantum-level effects influence organism fitness and possible selection. As proof of principle, we employ a simple qualitative model to demonstrate how variations in nuclear spin, hyperfine coupling strength, and anisotropy might alter ROS levels under different magnetic field conditions. Although these ideas remain speculative, they suggest a framework for investigating how magnetic environments may have influenced the evolution of biological function, with implications for health, disease, and adaptation to altered magnetic environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/csbj.0125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T14:46:21Z","timestamp":1778510781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Quantum Effects in Evolution: Terrestrial Fine-Tuning of Magnetic Parameters"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Betony","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, \rStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa."},{"name":"National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa."},{"name":"The Guy Foundation","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1079-8848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abbas","family":"Hassasfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, \rStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa."},{"name":"National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3040-0051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya","family":"Sinayskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Physics, School of Agriculture and Science, \rUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa."},{"name":"National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), KZN Node, \rUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001 South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0728-1995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alistair","family":"Nunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Guy Foundation","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Research Centre for Optimal Health, \rUniversity of Westminster, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Guy Foundation","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8604-0913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Petruccione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, \rStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa."},{"name":"National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa."},{"name":"School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, \rStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11084-021-09612-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41526-025-00551-3","article-title":"Are we trapped on earth: Space and accelerated ageing","volume":"12","author":"Nunn A","year":"2026","unstructured":"Nunn A, Bell J, Guy G. 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