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Numbers, rates, percent changes, and estimated annual percentage changes of incidence and deaths were calculated. We also explored the association between disease burden, socio-demographic index (SDI), and universal health coverage index (UHCI).\n            <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n            Enteric infections and upper respiratory infections owned the top highest incidence rates for neonates in 2019. Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, as well as otitis media, demonstrated an increasing trend of incidence across all 3 low- and middle-income regions. The top 3 causes of neonatal mortality in 2019 were neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, lower respiratory infections, and enteric infections. Between 1990 and 2019, all of the neonatal infection-related mortality rates suggested an overall decline. Sex differences could be found in the incidence and mortality of some neonatal infections, but most disease burdens decreased more rapidly in males. SDI and UHCI were both negatively associated with most of the disease burden, but there were exceptions.\n            <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n            Our study serves as a vital exploration into the realities of neonatal infectious diseases in LMICs. The identified trends and disparities not only provide a foundation for future research but also underscore the critical need for targeted policy initiatives to alleviate on a global scale.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/hds.0186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T11:37:25Z","timestamp":1723635445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Disease Burden and Geographic Inequalities in 15 Types of Neonatal Infectious Diseases in 131 Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Territories"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Chenyuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."},{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Development, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100871, China."},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."},{"name":"Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, \rPeking University, Beijing, 100191, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"WHO. 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