{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T12:19:46Z","timestamp":1775218786900,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","content-domain":{"domain":["spj.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Insufficient sleep can produce a multitude of deleterious repercussions on various domains of human well-being. Concomitantly, the walnut (\n            <jats:italic>Juglans mandshurica<\/jats:italic>\n            ) confers numerous salutary biological activities pertaining to sleep. Nevertheless, the sedative and hypnotic capacities of walnut\u2019s functional constituents remain obscure. In this investigation, we analyzed the sedative and hypnotic components of the walnut\n            <jats:italic>Diaphragma juglandis fructus<\/jats:italic>\n            and innovatively discovered a compound, defined as 3-hydroxy-4-iminobutyric acid (HIBA), which disrupts motor activity and enhances sleep duration by regulating the neurotransmitters (GABA, DA, etc.) within the brain and serum of mice. Subsequently, a metabolomics approach of the serum, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and hippocampus as well as the gut microbiota was undertaken to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of sleep promotion. Our data reveal that HIBA can regulate the metabolism of basal ganglia (sphingolipids, acylcarnitines, etc.), possibly in relation to HIBA\u2019s influence on the gut microbiome (\n            <jats:italic>Muribaculum<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            , etc.). Therefore, we introduce a novel natural product, HIBA, and explicate the modulation of sleep promotion in mice based on the microbiota\u2013gut\u2013brain axis. This study contributes fresh insights toward natural product-based sleep research.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T16:18:14Z","timestamp":1692289094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sleep Promotion by 3-Hydroxy-4-Iminobutyric Acid in Walnut\n            <i>Diaphragma juglandis Fructus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."},{"name":"College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, No. 311 Nongda Dong Road, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 830052, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongli","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiadi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, \rWuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuxiang","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9405-1084","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiulan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, \rSchool of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. 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