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Here, we establish an age-related single-cell RNA sequencing atlas of retina cells from 15 TSs, covering 6 major retina cell classes and 3 glial cell types. An age effect is observed on the cell subset composition and gene expression pattern. We then verify the cell subtypes and identify specific markers in the TS retina including\n                    <jats:italic>CA10<\/jats:italic>\n                    for bipolar cells,\n                    <jats:italic>MEGF11<\/jats:italic>\n                    for H1 horizontal cells, and\n                    <jats:italic>SLIT2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>RUNX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>FOXP2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>SPP1<\/jats:italic>\n                    for retinal ganglion cell subpopulations. The cross-species analysis elucidates the cell type-specific transcriptional programs, different cell compositions, and cell communications. The comparisons also reveal that TS cones and subclasses of bipolar and amacrine cells exhibit the closest relationship with humans and macaques. Our results suggests that TS could be used as a better disease model to understand age-dependent cellular and genetic mechanisms of the retina, particularly for the retinal diseases associated with cones.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T13:40:24Z","timestamp":1730986824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cellular Characterization and Interspecies Evolution of the Tree Shrew Retina across Postnatal Lifespan"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1623-5969","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liu-Lin","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China."},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, \rThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Fei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, \rthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui-Ze","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650034, Yunnan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Lu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, \rSichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ren","family":"Huangfu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200032, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong-Fu","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China."},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China."},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-019-01414-9"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-016-1227-4","article-title":"Injection of A\u03b21-40 into hippocampus induced cognitive lesion associated with neuronal apoptosis and multiple gene expressions in the tree shrew","volume":"21","author":"Lin N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin N, Xiong LL, Zhang RP, Zheng H, Wang L, Qian ZY, Zhang P, Chen ZW, Gao FB, Wang TH. 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