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In this context, we demonstrated that the selective ablation of early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) in CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in murine models. The absence of Egr-1 in CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells, obtained from EAE mice and na\u00efve CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells, impeded the differentiation and influence of T\n            <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n            . Importantly, in CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells of multiple sclerosis patients, both Egr-1 and Foxp3 were found to decrease. Further studies showed that distinct from the classical Smad3 route, TGF-\u03b2 could activate Egr-1 through the Raf\u2013Erk signaling route to promote Foxp3 genetic modulation, thereby promoting T\n            <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n            cell differentiation and reducing EAE inflammation. A novel natural Egr-1 agonist, calycosin, was found to attenuate EAE progression by regulating the differentiation of T\n            <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n            . Together, the above results indicate the value of Egr-1, as a novel Foxp3 transactivator, for the differentiation of T\n            <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n            cells in the development of self-antigen reactive diseases.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T17:45:15Z","timestamp":1742406315000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Early Growth Response Gene 1 Benefits Autoimmune Disease by Promoting Regulatory T Cell Differentiation as a Regulator of Foxp3"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, \rShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China."},{"name":"Central Laboratory, \rShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, \rShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, \rAir Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound 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