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Modulating macrophage polarization has emerged as a promising strategy to control sepsis-associated inflammation. The endogenous metabolite itaconate has shown anti-inflammatory potential by suppressing the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, but its efficacy is inhibited by hyperactive glycolysis, which sustains macrophage overactivation. Here, we revealed a critical crosstalk between the itaconate\u2013STING axis and glycolysis in macrophage-mediated inflammation. Building on this interplay, we developed a novel nanoparticle LDO (lonidamine disulfide 4-octyl-itaconate), a self-assembled metabolic regulator integrating an itaconate derivative with the glycolysis inhibitor Lonidamine. By concurrently targeting glycolysis and STING pathways, LDO reprograms macrophages to restore balanced polarization. In sepsis models, LDO effectively attenuates CCL2-driven cytokine storms, alleviates acute lung injury, and significantly enhances survival via metabolic reprogramming. This study offers a cytokine-regulatory strategy rooted in immunometabolism, providing a foundation for the translational development of immune metabolite-based sepsis therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T13:47:47Z","timestamp":1742392067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A Self-Assembled Metabolic Regulator Reprograms Macrophages to Combat Cytokine Storm and Boost Sepsis Immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Junyan","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China."},{"name":"Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in 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China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renming","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China."},{"name":"Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China."},{"name":"Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China."},{"name":"Research & Development Institute of Northwestern 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