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However, existing clinical systems are constrained by motion limitations, complexity, and cost, hindering daily use. In this work, we present a bio-inspired, low-cost, flexible, and self-powered respiration sensor (BLFS-RS) inspired by the fish lateral line system, operating via contact electrification and electrostatic induction. It features a semicylindrical structure made of silicone rubber, incorporating bionic air channels and a porous-villus composite microstructure. It detects respiratory forces by deforming with abdominal cavity fluctuations, enabling respiration monitoring. Experimental results show that the incorporation of the porous-villus structure increases the sensor\u2019s peak output voltage by 556% compared to a nonstructured counterpart. Additionally, the BLFS-RS exhibits high sensitivity (0.88 V\/kPa), high durability (300,000 cycles), and fast response time (48 ms). A wearable real-time respiratory monitoring system based on BLFS-RS enables the acquisition of a comprehensive range of human respiratory parameters, including respiratory rate, apnea\u2013hypopnea index, and peak expiratory flow. Furthermore, patients suffering from speech impairments can utilize the BLFS-RS for alternative communication by encoding information through distinct respiratory patterns. This work is expected to provide a viable and sustainable solution for personalized healthcare and remote respiratory monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T09:23:52Z","timestamp":1756891432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Flexible Self-Powered Respiration Sensor Inspired by Fish Lateral Line Systems"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0371-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoliang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, \rJilin University, Changchun 130022, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengze","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guozhao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congtian","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaixian","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Yanshan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dakai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, \rJilin University, Changchun 130022, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xizhao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Administration, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crane Technology, \rYanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, \rJilin University, Changchun 130022, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luquan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, \rJilin University, Changchun 130022, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113609","article-title":"Recent progress of self-powered respiration monitoring systems","volume":"194","author":"Dai J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dai J, Li L, Shi B, Li Z. 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