{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:55:10Z","timestamp":1791910510191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","funder":[{"name":"Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory","award":["GZNL2024A02003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZNL2024A02003"]}]},{"name":"Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project","award":["No. 2024ZD0529600, No. 2024ZD0529601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2024ZD0529600, No. 2024ZD0529601"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation - Outstanding Youth Fund","award":["No. 82222001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 82222001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 82470040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 82470040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Science and Technology Plans","award":["No. 2024A04J6495, 2024A03J1206, 2023B03J0407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2024A04J6495, 2024A03J1206, 2023B03J0407"]}]},{"name":"Plan on Enhancing Scientific Research in Guangzhou Medical University","award":["grant number not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant number not applicable"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["spj.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Neutrophilic inflammation and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of bronchiectasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the inflammasome activation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, which are triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), thereby fostering relentless neutrophilic inflammation and airway destruction, remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated how nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation modulates NET formation, epithelial inflammation, and injury in bronchiectasis. Compared with those in the stable state, interleukin-1\u03b2 levels in the exacerbation state were greater and were correlated with blood neutrophil counts. LPS triggered neutrophil NLRP3 inflammasome activation and induced NET formation. At exacerbation, caspase-1 p20, DNA-myeloperoxidase, and DNA-neutrophil elastase expression levels were increased compared with those in the stable state. LPS triggered the first signal, nuclear factor-\u03baB, for NLRP3 inflammasome activation within the airway epithelium, leading to neutrophil chemotactic factor release. NETs served as the secondary signal for thorough NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Acting synergistically with LPS, NETs amplified epithelial inflammation, up-regulating mucin 5AC expression while suppressing zona occludens-1 and \u03b1-tubulin expression. Both MCC950 and Z-VAD-FMK inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, whereas GSK484 and LDC7559 suppressed NET formation. Collectively, NLRP3 inflammasome activation facilitates NET formation in bronchiectasis, aggravating inflammation and eliciting injury to epithelial cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T23:22:41Z","timestamp":1759706561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Modulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Aggravates Airway Inflammation in Bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.34133","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Zhao-ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-hui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."},{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui-di","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-qing","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen-feng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-fen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai-jian","family":"Cen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui-xia","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-xin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-zhu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-jun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-391X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei-jie","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Joint International Research Laboratory of Respiratory Health, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, \rthe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510163, P. R. China."},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory","place":["China"]},{"name":"China-Portugal Artificial Intelligence and Public Health Technologies Joint Laboratory, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Guangzhou Medical University","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shanxi Bethune Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0042-3","article-title":"Bronchiectasis","volume":"4","author":"Chalmers JD","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chalmers JD, Chang AB, Chotirmall SH, Dhar R, McShane PJ. Bronchiectasis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1):45.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00277-0","article-title":"Criteria and definitions for the radiological and clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis in adults for use in clinical trials: International consensus recommendations","volume":"10","author":"Aliberti S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aliberti S, Goeminne PC, O\u2019Donnell AE, Aksamit TR, Al-Jahdali H, Barker AF, Blasi F, Boersma WG, Crichton ML, De Soyza A, et al. Criteria and definitions for the radiological and clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis in adults for use in clinical trials: International consensus recommendations. Lancet Respir Med. 2022;10(3):298\u2013306.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301554","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01554-2023","article-title":"Objective sputum colour assessment and clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis: Data from the European bronchiectasis registry (EMBARC)","volume":"63","author":"Aliberti S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aliberti S, Ringshausen FC, Dhar R, Haworth CS, Loebinger MR, Dimakou K, Crichton ML, De Soyza A, Vendrell M, Burgel P-R, et al. Objective sputum colour assessment and clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis: Data from the European bronchiectasis registry (EMBARC). Eur Respir J. 2024;63(4):2301554.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31767-7"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201605-1027OC","article-title":"Neutrophil elastase activity is associated with exacerbations and lung function decline in bronchiectasis","volume":"195","author":"Chalmers JD","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chalmers JD, Moffitt KL, Suarez-Cuartin G, Sibila O, Finch S, Furrie E, Dicker A, Wrobel K, Elborn JS, Walker B, et al. Neutrophil elastase activity is associated with exacerbations and lung function decline in bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(10):1384\u20131393.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3893"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133328"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2016.10.004"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201609-1830OC","article-title":"Role for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated, IL-1beta-dependent responses in severe, steroid-resistant asthma","volume":"196","author":"Kim RY","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim RY, Pinkerton JW, Essilfie AT, Robertson AAB, Baines KJ, Brown AC, Mayall JR, Ali MK, Starkey MR, Hansbro NG, et al. Role for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated, IL-1beta-dependent responses in severe, steroid-resistant asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;196(3):283\u2013297.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206736","article-title":"Inflammasomes in COPD and neutrophilic asthma","volume":"70","author":"Kim RY","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim RY, Pinkerton JW, Gibson PG, Cooper MA, Horvat JC, Hansbro PM. Inflammasomes in COPD and neutrophilic asthma. Thorax. 2015;70(12):1199\u20131201.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00002","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00002-2016","article-title":"The inflammasome pathway in stable COPD and acute exacerbations","volume":"2","author":"Faner R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Faner R, Sobradillo P, Noguera A, Gomez C, Cruz T, Lopez-Giraldo A, Ballester E, Soler N, Arostegui JI, Pelegrin P, et al. The inflammasome pathway in stable COPD and acute exacerbations. ERJ Open Res. 2016;2(3):00002\u201302016.","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301966","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01966-2023","article-title":"Airway IL-1\u03b2 is related to disease severity and mucociliary function in bronchiectasis","volume":"64","author":"Perea L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Perea L, Bottier M, Cant E, Richardson H, Dicker AJ, Shuttleworth M, Giam YH, Abo-Leyah H, Finch S, Huang JTJ, et al. Airway IL-1\u03b2 is related to disease severity and mucociliary function in bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J. 2024;64(2):2301966.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.105","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease","volume":"18","author":"Papayannopoulos V","year":"2017","unstructured":"Papayannopoulos V. Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017;18(2):134\u2013147.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30504-X","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps, disease severity, and antibiotic response in bronchiectasis: An international, observational, multicohort study","volume":"9","author":"Keir HR","year":"2021","unstructured":"Keir HR, Shoemark A, Dicker AJ, Perea L, Pollock J, Giam YH, Suarez-Cuartin G, Crichton ML, Lonergan M, Oriano M, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps, disease severity, and antibiotic response in bronchiectasis: An international, observational, multicohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(8):873\u2013884.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar6676"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar6689"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.683803","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in neutrophils is supported by PAD4 and promotes NETosis under sterile conditions","volume":"12","author":"Munzer P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Munzer P, Negro R, Fukui S, di Meglio L, Aymonnier K, Chu L, Cherpokova D, Gutch S, Sorvillo N, Shi L, et al. NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in neutrophils is supported by PAD4 and promotes NETosis under sterile conditions. Front Immunol. 2021;12: Article 683803.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202154277","article-title":"GSDMD drives canonical inflammasome-induced neutrophil pyroptosis and is dispensable for NETosis","volume":"23","author":"Chauhan D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chauhan D, Demon D, Vande Walle L, Paerewijck O, Zecchin A, Bosseler L, Santoni K, Planes R, Ribo S, Fossoul A, et al. GSDMD drives canonical inflammasome-induced neutrophil pyroptosis and is dispensable for NETosis. EMBO Rep. 2022;23(10): Article e54277.","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.abm0517"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.06.012"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064689","article-title":"Human neutrophil elastase degrades SPLUNC1 and impairs airway epithelial defense against bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Jiang D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jiang D, Wenzel SE, Wu Q, Bowler RP, Schnell C, Chu HW. Human neutrophil elastase degrades SPLUNC1 and impairs airway epithelial defense against bacteria. PLOS ONE. 2013;8(5): Article e64689.","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201203-0487OC","article-title":"Short- and long-term antibiotic treatment reduces airway and systemic inflammation in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis","volume":"186","author":"Chalmers JD","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chalmers JD, Smith MP, McHugh BJ, Doherty C, Govan JR, Hill AT. Short- and long-term antibiotic treatment reduces airway and systemic inflammation in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186(7):657\u2013665.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.1906225","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bronchiectasis: Infection, inflammation, and therapies","volume":"15","author":"Vidaillac C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vidaillac C, Chotirmall SH. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bronchiectasis: Infection, inflammation, and therapies. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021;15(5):649\u2013662.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","first-page":"00162","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infections in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis","volume":"4","author":"Woo TE","year":"2018","unstructured":"Woo TE, Lim R, Surette MG, Waddell B, Bowron JC, Somayaji R, Duong J, Mody CH, Rabin HR, Storey DG, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infections in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. ERJ Open Res. 2018;4(2):00162\u201302017.","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.007","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa and lung function decline in patients with bronchiectasis","volume":"27","author":"Martinez-Garcia MA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martinez-Garcia MA, Oscullo G, Posadas T, Zaldivar E, Villa C, Dobarganes Y, Giron R, Olveira C, Maiz L, Garcia-Clemente M, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and lung function decline in patients with bronchiectasis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021;27(3):428\u2013434.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014613","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A retrospective study","volume":"8","author":"Wang H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang H, Ji XB, Mao B, Li CW, Lu HW, Xu JF. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2018;8(3): Article e014613.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142965"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146612","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1146612","article-title":"Alpha-linolenic acid pretreatment alleviates NETs-induced alveolar macrophage pyroptosis by inhibiting pyrin inflammasome activation in a mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI\/ARDS","volume":"14","author":"Liu C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu C, Zhou Y, Tu Q, Yao L, Li J, Yang Z. Alpha-linolenic acid pretreatment alleviates NETs-induced alveolar macrophage pyroptosis by inhibiting pyrin inflammasome activation in a mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI\/ARDS. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1146612.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"163","key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: Implications for pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"31","author":"Keir HR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Keir HR, Chalmers JD. Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: Implications for pathogenesis and therapy. Eur Respir Rev. 2022;31(163).","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0669-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075260","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1075260","article-title":"No NETs no TIME: Crosstalk between neutrophil extracellular traps and the tumor immune microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Fang Q","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fang Q, Stehr AM, Naschberger E, Knopf J, Herrmann M, Sturzl M. No NETs no TIME: Crosstalk between neutrophil extracellular traps and the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1075260.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201712-2423OC","article-title":"Blood neutrophils are reprogrammed in bronchiectasis","volume":"198","author":"Bedi P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bedi P, Davidson DJ, McHugh BJ, Rossi AG, Hill AT. Blood neutrophils are reprogrammed in bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;198(7):880\u2013890.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401624"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003047","article-title":"Neutrophil-derived IL-1beta is sufficient for abscess formation in immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in mice","volume":"8","author":"Cho JS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cho JS, Guo Y, Ramos RI, Hebroni F, Plaisier SB, Xuan C, Granick JL, Matsushima H, Takashima A, Iwakura Y, et al. Neutrophil-derived IL-1beta is sufficient for abscess formation in immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in mice. PLOS Pathog. 2012;8(11): Article e1003047.","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.04.004","article-title":"NLRP3\/ASC\/Caspase-1 axis and serine protease activity are involved in neutrophil IL-1beta processing during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection","volume":"513","author":"Zhang T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang T, Du H, Feng S, Wu R, Chen T, Jiang J, Peng Y, Ye C, Fang R. NLRP3\/ASC\/Caspase-1 axis and serine protease activity are involved in neutrophil IL-1beta processing during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019;513(3):675\u2013680.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104299","article-title":"Interleukin-1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19: Pathogenetic and therapeutic implications","volume":"85","author":"Potere N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Potere N, Del Buono MG, Caricchio R, Cremer PC, Vecchie A, Porreca E, Gasperina DD, Dentali F, Abbate A, Bonaventura A. Interleukin-1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19: Pathogenetic and therapeutic implications. EBioMedicine. 2022;85: Article 104299.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007694","article-title":"Cathelicidin is a \u201cfire alarm\u201d, generating protective NLRP3-dependent airway epithelial cell inflammatory responses during infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"15","author":"McHugh BJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"McHugh BJ, Wang R, Li HN, Beaumont PE, Kells R, Stevens H, Young L, Rossi AG, Gray RD, Dorin JR, et al. Cathelicidin is a \u201cfire alarm\u201d, generating protective NLRP3-dependent airway epithelial cell inflammatory responses during infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLOS Pathog. 2019;15(4): Article e1007694.","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030851"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01722","article-title":"Pulmonary innate immune response determines the outcome of inflammation during pneumonia and sepsis-associated acute lung injury","volume":"11","author":"Kumar V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar V. Pulmonary innate immune response determines the outcome of inflammation during pneumonia and sepsis-associated acute lung injury. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1722.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03231-9","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular trap-induced intermediate monocytes trigger macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset still\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Jia J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia J, Wang M, Ma Y, Meng J, Zhu D, Chen X, Shi H, Sun Y, Liu H, Cheng X, et al. Neutrophil extracellular trap-induced intermediate monocytes trigger macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset still\u2019s disease. BMC Med. 2023;21(1):507.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1800-z","article-title":"Increased neutrophil extracellular traps activate NLRP3 and inflammatory macrophages in adult-onset still\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Hu Q","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hu Q, Shi H, Zeng T, Liu H, Su Y, Cheng X, Ye J, Yin Y, Liu M, Zheng H, et al. Increased neutrophil extracellular traps activate NLRP3 and inflammatory macrophages in adult-onset still\u2019s disease. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):9.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13619","article-title":"Tight junction, mucin, and inflammasome-related molecules are differentially expressed in eosinophilic, mixed, and neutrophilic experimental asthma in mice","volume":"74","author":"Tan HT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tan HT, Hagner S, Ruchti F, Radzikowska U, Tan G, Altunbulakli C, Eljaszewicz A, Moniuszko M, Akdis M, Akdis CA, et al. Tight junction, mucin, and inflammasome-related molecules are differentially expressed in eosinophilic, mixed, and neutrophilic experimental asthma in mice. Allergy. 2019;74(2):294\u2013307.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22401","article-title":"The effect of neutrophil serine proteases on human nasal epithelial cell barrier function","volume":"9","author":"Kao SS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kao SS, Ramezanpour M, Bassiouni A, Wormald PJ, Psaltis AJ, Vreugde S. The effect of neutrophil serine proteases on human nasal epithelial cell barrier function. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019;9(10):1220\u20131226.","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.05.006","article-title":"NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) contributes to inflammation, pyroptosis, and mucin production in human airway epithelium on rhinovirus infection","volume":"144","author":"Liu T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu T, Zhou YT, Wang LQ, Li LY, Bao Q, Tian S, Chen MX, Chen HX, Cui J, Li CW. NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) contributes to inflammation, pyroptosis, and mucin production in human airway epithelium on rhinovirus infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144(3):777\u2013787.e779.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI125669"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9010053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2019-0433OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2016.05.029"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1909-2","article-title":"Erythromycin suppresses neutrophil extracellular traps in smoking-related chronic pulmonary inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Zhang H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang H, Qiu SL, Tang QY, Zhou X, Zhang JQ, He ZY, Bai J, Li MH, Deng JM, Liang Y, et al. Erythromycin suppresses neutrophil extracellular traps in smoking-related chronic pulmonary inflammation. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(9):678.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"}],"container-title":["Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/spj.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.34133\/research.0958","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T14:12:20Z","timestamp":1765462340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/spj.science.org\/doi\/10.34133\/research.0958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.34133\/research.0958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/research.0958","relation":{},"ISSN":["2639-5274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2639-5274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-25","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"0958"}}